转制型科研院所技术创新中知识管理研究

发布时间：2018-07-28 18:41

【摘要】：20世纪90年代，随着中国由计划经济向市场经济过渡，对科研院所实行了科技体制改革，实行企业化经营。作为中国科技体制改革的中心环节，它们的改制关系到国家科技战略目标的确定以及实现途径的调整，关系到科技资源的合理配置。然而，十几年的转制历程许多转制型院所改革的成效不尽如人意，不仅浪费了国家宝贵的科技资源，也使得转制型院所的生存十分艰难。如何在建设创新型国家的目标下调整转制型研究所的战略，将其引导到以知识为核心的创新的轨道上，建立有效的知识管理体系具有十分重大现实意义，这种探讨也将为企业的知识管理理论和技术创新理论增加新的内容。本文从知识的视角出发，，以转制型科研院所为对象，研究转制型院所基于知识管理基础上的技术创新问题。本文首先对转制科研院所在国家创新体系中的历史定位、知识管理的概念、内容及关于技术创新中知识生成的文献进行了详细的综述；其次，以哈尔滨电工仪表研究所为案例，对转制型院所在转制过程中依据的政策以及历史脉络，以及在转制过程面临的困境进行了分析，同时，讨论了哈表所在转职后的定位以及知识管理模式在组织中运行时的问题；再次，认为在国家创新体系和转制型院所要充分利用本身的科技资源优势和已经形成的网络关系等历史遗产，重建以事实为核心的技术创新模式。分别分析了国家创新体系的基本结构和转制院所在国家创新体系中的定位，在原有的知识基础上建立了这类院所以知识为基础的技术创新模式。为此，提出构建转制型院所知识管理体系的四个问题：组织战略模式和结构转变是三个机制的基础和前提；学习机制主要是让转制型院所的员工打破原有学习的障碍，掌握获得现代化新知识获取的多种方式；文化机制让员工之间相互信任，企业建立良好的交流平台，让专家知识和优秀技术员工把自己拥有的知识无偿分享；激励机制包含显性激励和隐性激励，运用现代企业的激励制度如产权激励和自我价值实现的激励。
[Abstract]:In the 1990s, with the transition from planned economy to market economy, scientific research institutes were reformed and operated as enterprises. As the central link of China's science and technology system reform, their reform is related to the determination of the strategic goal of national science and technology and the adjustment of the way to realize it, as well as to the rational allocation of scientific and technological resources. However, over the past ten years, the reform of many institutions has not been satisfactory, which not only wastes the country's precious scientific and technological resources, but also makes the survival of the transformed institutions very difficult. How to adjust the strategy of transforming research institute under the goal of building an innovative country, guide it to the innovation track with knowledge as the core, and establish an effective knowledge management system is of great practical significance. This kind of discussion will also add new content to knowledge management theory and technology innovation theory of enterprise. From the perspective of knowledge, this paper studies the technological innovation based on knowledge management in the transformed scientific research institutes. In this paper, the historical orientation, the concept and content of knowledge management and the literature on knowledge generation in the national innovation system of the transformed scientific research institutes are reviewed in detail; secondly, the Harbin Institute of Electrical Instruments is taken as a case study. This paper analyzes the policy and historical context of the transformation process, and the difficulties faced in the process of transformation. At the same time, it discusses the position of the Kazakh Institute after the transfer and the problems of the knowledge management model when it runs in the organization. Thirdly, the author thinks that in the national innovation system and the transformed institutions, we should make full use of the advantages of our own scientific and technological resources and the network relationship that has been formed, and rebuild the technological innovation mode with fact as the core. This paper analyzes the basic structure of the national innovation system and the orientation of the national innovation system in which the national innovation institution is located, and sets up the technological innovation model based on the knowledge of this kind of institute on the basis of the original knowledge. Therefore, this paper puts forward four problems in constructing the knowledge management system of the transformed institutions: the organizational strategic model and the structural transformation are the foundation and premise of the three mechanisms, the learning mechanism is mainly to let the staff of the transformed institutions break the barriers of the original learning. Mastering various ways to acquire modern new knowledge, cultural mechanism to make employees trust each other, enterprises to establish a good exchange platform, let the expert knowledge and outstanding technical staff to share their own knowledge free of charge; The incentive mechanism includes explicit incentive and implicit incentive, using modern enterprise incentive system such as property right incentive and self-value realization incentive.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2012
【分类号】：G311

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