基于协同理论的科技资源配置对国家创新能力提升机制研究
发布时间：2019-03-15 11:09
【摘要】：随着经济全球化的深入发展和知识经济的初步形成,创新驱动已经成为全球共识。各国纷纷把实践创新驱动作为其发展途径与目标,以抢占“经济”和“技术”的制高点,争取主动权。世界经济论坛发布的《国际竞争力报告》显示,当前我国还处于效率驱动阶段,还未进入到创新驱动阶段。国内众多学者的研究也表明与芬兰、瑞士和新加坡等典型创新型国家相比,我国创新效率较低,创新能力亟待提升。 国家创新能力不仅影响了一个国家产业的竞争力而且决定了一个国家未来发展潜力。以增加科技投入作为提升创新能力的有效方法和手段,近三十年来我国科技投入不断加强,研发总支出近十年以年均20%的速度在增长,RD人员全时当量平均增长速度也超过了10%。但长期以来我国创新资源分散、重复以及使用效率不高等因素等制约着我国创新能力的提升,造成了科技投入与国家创新能力增长速度不匹配的现象。在这样的形式之下,我们必须探明我国科技资源的配置现状以及不同的科技资源通过不同的形式投入到不同科研主体上的使用效率。 以专利申请数量和新产品销售收入为国家创新能力的表征要素,采用系统动力学的方法建立了科技投入对国家创新能力提升机制的仿真模型。通过Vensim PLE软件对系统内科技资金、人员和政策的变动以及企业、科研机构和高校三大科研主体间资金和人员流动对国家创新能力的影响进行了模拟,揭示了不同形式和来源的科技投入对国家创新能力的作用途径和效果。研究发现：(1)科研资金在配置过程中向高校倾斜,科研人员在配置过程中向高校和企业倾斜更有利于提升国家创新能力；(2)从科技政策来看,加大专利保护强度和教育投入都能有效地提升国家创新能力。 对于资源配置效率的研究结果表明,当前我国的科技资源配置并非最优状态。由于国家创新系统的复杂性与参与主体的多元性,要完成科技资源在投入形式上的重新组合和在参与主体间的重新调配,必须依赖于一种新的创新模式——协同创新。将协同理论与创新理论相结合,以找到一种可以有效实现科技资源在我国创新主体间重新分配的可能性。并在此基础上建立相应的运行机制,为我国从优化科技资源配置的角度实施协同创新提供参考依据。 本文的研究将从相关的理论研究出发,结合对我国实际情况的分析,从实际需求的角度结合理论研究寻找具有现实意义的优化路径与方法。研究结果对于我国创新系统的建设和协同创新活动的开展具有一定的借鉴意义和价值。在此背景之下,从创新资源对国家创新能力提升效率出发,优化资源配置对于加速我国创新系统建设,实施创新驱动发展战略具有重要意义。
[Abstract]:With the in-depth development of economic globalization and the initial formation of knowledge economy, innovation drive has become a global consensus. In order to seize the commanding heights of "economy" and "technology", many countries take practice innovation drive as their development path and target, and strive for initiative. The report on International Competitiveness issued by the World Economic Forum shows that China is still in the stage of efficiency-driven and has not yet entered the stage of innovation-driven. Compared with the typical innovative countries such as Finland, Switzerland and Singapore, the innovation efficiency of our country is lower, and the innovation ability needs to be improved urgently in comparison with the typical innovation countries such as Finland, Switzerland and Singapore. National innovation ability not only affects the competitiveness of a country's industry, but also determines a country's future development potential. With increasing investment in science and technology as an effective way and means to enhance innovation capacity, China's investment in science and technology has been continuously strengthened over the past three decades, and total R & D expenditure has been increasing at an average annual rate of 20% in the last decade. The full-time equivalent of RD personnel also grew at an average rate of more than 10%. However, for a long time, the decentralization, repetition and inefficient use of innovation resources in our country restrict the improvement of innovation ability in our country, which leads to the mismatch between the investment in science and technology and the growth rate of national innovation ability. Under such a form, we must find out the present situation of the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China and the efficiency of different scientific and technological resources put into different scientific research subjects through different forms. Taking the quantity of patent application and the sales income of new products as the key factors of national innovation ability, the simulation model of the promotion mechanism of science and technology input to national innovation ability is established by using the method of system dynamics. Through Vensim PLE software, this paper simulates the changes of scientific and technological funds, personnel and policies in the system, as well as the influence of funds and personnel flows among the three major scientific research subjects, enterprises, scientific research institutions and universities, on the national innovation ability. It reveals the ways and effects of different forms and sources of investment in science and technology on the national innovation ability. It is found that: (1) in the process of allocation, scientific research funds are inclined to colleges and universities, and researchers in the process of allocation are more conducive to the promotion of national innovation ability; (2) from the point of view of science and technology policy, increasing the intensity of patent protection and investment in education can effectively enhance the national innovation ability. The results of the research on the efficiency of resource allocation show that the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China is not the optimal state. Because of the complexity of the national innovation system and the diversity of the participants, it is necessary to rely on a new innovation mode-collaborative innovation to complete the re-combination of scientific and technological resources in the form of input and the re-allocation among the participants. In order to find a possibility of reallocating scientific and technological resources among innovation subjects in China, we combine synergy theory with innovation theory in order to find out a possibility of redistributing scientific and technological resources among innovation subjects in our country. On this basis, the corresponding operation mechanism is established to provide reference for the implementation of collaborative innovation from the point of view of optimizing the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China. The research of this paper will start from the related theoretical research, combine the analysis of the actual situation of our country, combine the theoretical research from the point of view of the actual demand to find the realistic optimization path and method. The research results have certain reference significance and value for the construction of innovation system and the development of collaborative innovation activities in China. Under this background, it is of great significance to optimize the allocation of resources to accelerate the construction of innovation system and implement the innovation-driven development strategy from the point of view of improving the efficiency of innovation resources to the national innovation ability.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G322;F124.3
本文编号：2440573
[Abstract]:With the in-depth development of economic globalization and the initial formation of knowledge economy, innovation drive has become a global consensus. In order to seize the commanding heights of "economy" and "technology", many countries take practice innovation drive as their development path and target, and strive for initiative. The report on International Competitiveness issued by the World Economic Forum shows that China is still in the stage of efficiency-driven and has not yet entered the stage of innovation-driven. Compared with the typical innovative countries such as Finland, Switzerland and Singapore, the innovation efficiency of our country is lower, and the innovation ability needs to be improved urgently in comparison with the typical innovation countries such as Finland, Switzerland and Singapore. National innovation ability not only affects the competitiveness of a country's industry, but also determines a country's future development potential. With increasing investment in science and technology as an effective way and means to enhance innovation capacity, China's investment in science and technology has been continuously strengthened over the past three decades, and total R & D expenditure has been increasing at an average annual rate of 20% in the last decade. The full-time equivalent of RD personnel also grew at an average rate of more than 10%. However, for a long time, the decentralization, repetition and inefficient use of innovation resources in our country restrict the improvement of innovation ability in our country, which leads to the mismatch between the investment in science and technology and the growth rate of national innovation ability. Under such a form, we must find out the present situation of the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China and the efficiency of different scientific and technological resources put into different scientific research subjects through different forms. Taking the quantity of patent application and the sales income of new products as the key factors of national innovation ability, the simulation model of the promotion mechanism of science and technology input to national innovation ability is established by using the method of system dynamics. Through Vensim PLE software, this paper simulates the changes of scientific and technological funds, personnel and policies in the system, as well as the influence of funds and personnel flows among the three major scientific research subjects, enterprises, scientific research institutions and universities, on the national innovation ability. It reveals the ways and effects of different forms and sources of investment in science and technology on the national innovation ability. It is found that: (1) in the process of allocation, scientific research funds are inclined to colleges and universities, and researchers in the process of allocation are more conducive to the promotion of national innovation ability; (2) from the point of view of science and technology policy, increasing the intensity of patent protection and investment in education can effectively enhance the national innovation ability. The results of the research on the efficiency of resource allocation show that the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China is not the optimal state. Because of the complexity of the national innovation system and the diversity of the participants, it is necessary to rely on a new innovation mode-collaborative innovation to complete the re-combination of scientific and technological resources in the form of input and the re-allocation among the participants. In order to find a possibility of reallocating scientific and technological resources among innovation subjects in China, we combine synergy theory with innovation theory in order to find out a possibility of redistributing scientific and technological resources among innovation subjects in our country. On this basis, the corresponding operation mechanism is established to provide reference for the implementation of collaborative innovation from the point of view of optimizing the allocation of scientific and technological resources in China. The research of this paper will start from the related theoretical research, combine the analysis of the actual situation of our country, combine the theoretical research from the point of view of the actual demand to find the realistic optimization path and method. The research results have certain reference significance and value for the construction of innovation system and the development of collaborative innovation activities in China. Under this background, it is of great significance to optimize the allocation of resources to accelerate the construction of innovation system and implement the innovation-driven development strategy from the point of view of improving the efficiency of innovation resources to the national innovation ability.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：G322;F124.3
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