我国有效专利区域分布与发展对策研究

发布时间：2019-06-16 17:59

【摘要】：有效专利是指截至报告期末专利权处于维持状态的专利。相比于传统专利指标,有效专利指标因其更能反映出专利的质量特征和区域创新能力而逐渐呈现出诸多优势,具有一定的理论和应用价值。然而作为近两年才被纳入到国民统计序列的新指标,有效专利尚未引起学界的广泛关注,相关的研究性论文与著作相对缺乏。本文在概念界定和基本理论阐释的基础上,以国家知识产权局提供的有效专利数据为依据,运用区域分布相关分析方法,从定性和定量两个角度展现了我国31个省市区及大经济区范畴的有效专利发展状况。借助GIS软件对我国有效专利的数量和结构分布进行可视化描述,并基于有效率指标归纳了地区有效专利发展模式,研究发现：我国有效专利总体水平不高,以有效实用新型和外观设计专利为主,高质量核心专利数量不多,有效率普遍偏低；区域有效专利发展水平呈等级分布,区域发展不均衡现象明显,东部地区与中西部地区差距较大而中部与西部之间差距相对较小。利用Moran指数、特化系数、专利聚集度、均衡度测算等方法,进一步揭示我国有效专利的空间分异：我国区域有效专利发展的空间自相关性现象较为突出,其中上海是“高高”聚集的中心,四川则为中西部低水平地区中的“高地”；有效发明和外观设计的地区差异较大,而有效实用新型的地区间差异则相对较小；有效发明技术领域的优势地区主要集中在北京及东南沿海经济发达地区,中西部地区在个别领域具有一定优势；从八大经济区来看,东部沿海地区有效专利实力最强,西北地区实力最弱,南部沿海地区区域内相对差异最明显,东部沿海、长江中游和东北地区区域内相对差异较小。最后,本文提出从专利创新程度、年费、专利收益情况和专利执法水平四方面入手来提升区域有效专利存量,并建议从增长极带动、区域优势技术领域和跨行政区域联动等方面实现区域有效专利发展的协调与优化。
[Abstract]:A valid patent refers to a patent that is maintained at the end of the reporting period. Compared with the traditional patent index, the effective patent index gradually presents many advantages because it can better reflect the quality characteristics and regional innovation ability of the patent, and has certain theoretical and application value. However, as a new index which has only been included in the national statistical sequence in the past two years, effective patents have not yet aroused widespread concern in academic circles, and there is a relative lack of relevant research papers and works. On the basis of concept definition and basic theoretical interpretation, based on the effective patent data provided by the State intellectual property Office, this paper shows the effective patent development of 31 provinces, municipalities and economic zones in China qualitatively and quantitatively by using the method of regional distribution correlation analysis. With the help of GIS software, the quantity and structure distribution of effective patents in China are described visually, and the development mode of regional effective patents is summarized based on the efficiency index. It is found that the overall level of effective patents in China is not high, mainly effective utility model and design patents, the number of high quality core patents is not large, and the efficiency is generally low. The development level of regional effective patents is distributed at a hierarchical level, and the imbalance of regional development is obvious. the gap between the eastern region and the central and western regions is large, while the gap between the central and western regions is relatively small. By using the methods of Moran index, specialization coefficient, patent aggregation degree and equity measurement, this paper further reveals the spatial differentiation of effective patents in China: the spatial autocorrelation phenomenon of regional effective patent development in China is more prominent, in which Shanghai is the center of "high and high" accumulation, while Sichuan is the "highland" in the low level areas of the central and western regions; The regional differences of effective invention and appearance design are large, while the regional differences of effective utility models are relatively small. The dominant areas in the field of effective invention technology are mainly concentrated in Beijing and the economically developed areas along the southeast coast, and the central and western regions have certain advantages in individual fields. From the point of view of the eight economic zones, the effective patent strength of the eastern coastal area is the strongest, the northwest region is the weakest, the relative difference in the southern coastal area is the most obvious, and the relative difference in the eastern coastal area, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River and the northeast region is relatively small. Finally, this paper puts forward to improve the regional effective patent stock from four aspects: the degree of patent innovation, annual fee, patent income and patent enforcement level, and suggests that the coordination and optimization of regional effective patent development should be realized from the aspects of growth pole drive, regional advantage technology field and cross-administrative regional linkage.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2011
【分类号】：G306

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