“金钱-环境”复合收益的风险决策:价值取向的影响

发布时间：2018-06-12 02:11

本文选题：复合结果 + 环境决策　；参考：《心理学报》2017年04期

【摘要】：现实中的环境决策,往往要在多个由"金钱-环境"复合而成的结果间做选择。人们如何对异质复合结果进行评估与选择,是决策研究面临的新课题。本研究着重考察个体金钱取向和环境取向的相对强度对复合收益风险决策的影响。结果表明,无论是采用自陈量表(实验1)或内隐联想测验(实验2)来测量价值取向,还是采用混词造句任务(实验3)来启动价值取向,均发现价值取向相对强度对复合风险决策有显著影响。(1)相比于金钱取向占优的个体,环境取向占优的个体在进行复合风险决策时更偏好环境风险较小的复合选项;(2)在复合选项等价匹配任务中,环境取向占优的个体会赋予复合选项中的环境收益以更高权重,倾向于用更多的金钱收益来弥补环境收益的风险折扣;(3)在复合收益风险概率匹配任务中,环境取向占优的个体更倾向于为获取倍增的环境收益而承担更大的复合收益风险。作为对复合结果风险决策的首次探索,本研究初步回答了不同价值取向的个体在金钱-环境复合风险决策中更倾向于规避什么风险、拿什么冒险以及为什么冒险等问题,为今后进一步开展复合决策研究打下了理论和方法基础。
[Abstract]:In reality, environmental decisions often have to be made between multiple results of money-environment. How to evaluate and select heterogeneous composite results is a new topic for decision-making research. This study focuses on the influence of the relative strength of individual money orientation and environmental orientation on compound income risk decision. The results showed that either the self-renewal scale (experiment 1) or the implicit association test (experiment 2) were used to measure the value orientation, or the word-making task (experiment 3) was used to initiate the value orientation. It was found that the relative strength of value orientation had significant influence on compound risk decision making. In the task of equivalent matching of compound options, the individuals with dominant environmental orientation will give higher weight to the environmental benefits in the composite options. In the task of matching the risk probability of compound income, the individual with dominant environmental orientation is more inclined to take on more complex income risk in order to obtain the double environmental benefit. 3) in the task of matching the risk probability of the compound income, the individual with dominant environment orientation is more inclined to bear the risk of the compound income in order to obtain the double environmental benefit. As the first exploration of risk decision making of compound results, this study preliminarily answers the questions of what risks, what risks and why individuals with different value orientations tend to avoid risk, take risks and why they take risks in money-environment compound risk decision-making. It lays a theoretical and methodological foundation for further research on compound decision making in the future.
【作者单位】：浙江大学心理与行为科学系;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助(71271189)
【分类号】：C934

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