社会资本对县域旅游经济发展的影响研究

发布时间：2018-01-18 12:29

本文关键词：社会资本对县域旅游经济发展的影响研究　出处：《西南大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：社会资本这一概念在科尔曼和普特南的应用下超越了布迪厄给出的界定,在不断的研究分析中得到了进一步的阐述,并在国际学术界引发了广泛的争议和讨论,进而形成了他们新的理论观点。经济发展是经济学研究的一个重要课题,经济发展嵌入在社会行为和经济行为中,研究经济发展包括研究人类在生产、生活过程中发生的行为这包括经济和社会行为,经济学家往往用经济学的理论来解释经济跟社会行为,随着社会的发展越来越多的行为可以用社会学理论来解释,社会理论也应当为经济发展服务。人们所理解的社会资本是在人与人的相互活动中产生,依附于人际关系和社会网络中,能随时被人们获取从而实现自己目的的资源。社会制度和规范、信任和互惠、社会网络,以及那些根据既定的人际关系对经济活动产生的影响都是社会资本理论研究的内容。引进社会资本理论对经济问题的研究将会带来更多的效益和创新。本项研究从社会学的角度出发,在以往的研究基础上,选定特定区域,采用参与观察法,通过对贵州省黎平县运用社会资本发展旅游业及其社会资本现状的分析讨论社会资本对区域经济发展的影响,从而使少数民族地区认识社会资本的存在和作用,提出了有效利用和培育区域社会资本的建议,以便使民族地区获得更多的社会资源,促进当地经济的发展。经过仔细的分析,本研究得到下面的结论： (1)黎平县境内社区居民与政府和相关企业构建了组织规范,信任程度相对较高。少部分地区(肇兴侗寨)居民对政府职能管理部门能力表示怀疑,信任程度较低。县域内的当地居民对外来投资旅游项目者表现出开放、包容的态度。希望他们资金的投入来建设家乡,为黎平旅游业的发展贡献力量。这说明区域中人们相互之间的信任和信任程度的高低都可以作为一种社会资本的表现,而且区域中的经济发展也遵循这样一种规律：地区信任程度越高则经济发展水平越高。 (2)拥有信任的社会网络有利于降低组织之间的交易成本,促进相互间的交流与合作。社会网络在不断的合作过程中进行着改善和提升,人们在社会网络中进行互动并建立起信任和合作机制,这种信任与合作机制可以帮助人们在做其他经济项目时与别的组织的交流跟合作。 (3)社会网络有利于促进劳动力的就业,从而减少黎平因产业转型而产生的闲置劳动力过多的现象,为地区社会稳定和人民经济水平的提高做出贡献。 (4)在旅游经济发展中,政府职权单位往往起着决定性的作用。黎平应充分发挥政府职权单位的组织协调优势,在制定优惠政策、吸引投资等方面加大力度,积极运用并培育社会资本与其他地区的组织合作,进一步推进旅游业发展。同样,区域内的各种组织也在大力推行旅游发展中发挥着重要作用,提高对本行业策划、协调、执行的水平,充分调动民间资本的积极性,参与到经济发展中来。 (5)通过调查发现黎平旅游业相关企业负责人与政府职能部门和其他相关部门领导有密切的网络关系,对这些组织发展旅游业有利的社会资本基本都是构建在组织几个负责人的个人社会网络中。积极培育个人社会资本有利于组织甚至区域经济发展。 (6)互联网的出现确实为黎平的旅游业发展带来了一定的宣传效果,但从笔者调查的结果看来,大部分到黎平旅游的游客都是通过非正式联系的社会资源介绍到此。由此看来网络平台并非促进当地旅游经济发展的最佳社会网络形式,县域旅游经济发展在依靠非正式联系的社会网络资源的同时也要注重对正式制度的社会资源的培养。
[Abstract]:The concept of social capital in the application of Coleman and Putnam beyond the definition given by Bourdieu, has been further elaborated in the study constantly, and sparked widespread controversy and discussion in the international academic circles, and the formation of their new theoretical viewpoints. Economic development is an important subject of the economics research economic development, embedded in social behavior and economic behavior, including the study of economic development in the production of human life, in the process of behavior which include economic and social behavior, economists often use economics theory to explain economic and social behavior, along with the development of society more and more behavior can be explained by the theory of sociology, social the theory should serve for the economic development. People's understanding of social capital is produced in the interaction between people, depend on the interpersonal relationship and social network In a network, can be in order to achieve their purpose. People get resources in social system and norms, trust and reciprocity, social network, and the influence of those economic activities according to the established relationships are the content of the research of social capital theory. The introduction of social capital theory research on economic problems will bring more benefits and innovation.
This study from the perspective of sociology, based on previous studies, the selected specific area, using participant observation method, through the analysis of Liping County of Guizhou Province, with the development of social capital and social capital status of the tourism industry to discuss social capital on regional economic impact, thus understanding the existence and role in ethnic minority areas the social capital, put forward the effective utilization and development of regional social capital, so that minority areas get more social resources, promote local economic development. After careful analysis, this study obtained the conclusion:
(1) Liping County residents and the government and relevant enterprises to build organizational norms, trust degree is relatively high. Few regions (Zhaoxing) residents expressed skepticism about the functions of management ability of the government, the degree of trust is low. The county's residents of foreign investment tourism projects were open, inclusive attitude. I hope they capital investment to the construction of home, to contribute to the development of Liping tourism. This shows that people in areas of mutual trust and trust degree can be used as a kind of social capital, but also follows such a rule in the area of economic development area: the higher the degree of trust the higher the level of economic development.
(2) have trust in social networks help to reduce transaction costs between organizations, promote mutual exchanges and cooperation. The social network to improve and enhance cooperation in the process of continuous, people interact in the social network and build trust and cooperation mechanism, this kind of trust and cooperation mechanism can help people in do other projects and other economic organizations communicate with cooperation.
(3) social network is conducive to the promotion of labor force employment, thereby reducing the phenomenon of excessive idle labor generated by industrial transformation in Liping, contributing to regional social stability and the improvement of people's economic level.
(4) in the development of tourism economy, government authorities often plays a decisive role. Liping should give full play to the government authority units of the organization and coordination, in the formulation of preferential policies to increase efforts to attract investment, and actively use the cultivation of social capital and other areas of cooperation, to further promote the development of the tourism industry. Also, various regional organizations also vigorously promote tourism development plays an important role in the improvement of the industry planning, coordination, execution level, fully mobilize the enthusiasm of private capital to participate in the economic development.
(5) through the survey found Liping tourism related enterprises responsible person has close relationship with government departments and other relevant departments of the leadership, the organization of tourism development favorable social capital is the basic construction of personal social network for people in the organization. Several actively cultivate individual social capital is conducive to the organization and regional economy development.
(6) the emergence of the Internet is the development of Liping's tourism industry has brought some publicity, but from the survey results, the majority of visitors to Liping are linked through informal social resources. In view of this introduction to this network platform is not promoting the best social network forms when the tourism economic development, culture tourism the economic development in the county rely on social contact and informal cyber source should pay more attention to the formal system of social resources.

【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592.7

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