韶山红色旅游景区植物景观研究与分析

发布时间：2018-03-09 11:01

本文选题：韶山　切入点：红色风景旅游区　出处：《中南林业科技大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：湖南韶山是伟大领袖毛泽东的故乡,全国著名革命纪念地、爱国主义教育示范基地和国家重点风景名胜区。部分建设均属于国家一号工程,以毛泽东同志广场和纪念馆为核心,各个景点的植物种植相互呼应,而优越的地形条件和原有环境,使其植物景观特色鲜明,韶山拥有丰富的植物种类,多样的空间类型,四季分明,植物景观特征形态可从不同层面上分析,是研究现代园林植物景观的优秀案例。文章以韶山红色旅游景区的植物景观为研究对象；以核心景区毛泽东同志故居、韶山毛泽东同志纪念馆、韶山毛泽东遗物馆、韶山毛泽东铜像广场、韶山宾馆作为调查对象；以调查范围内的植物景观主题类型、植物种类、植物配置、植物景观设计手法为研究内容；通过主题分析、种类分析、配置分析、手法分析等研究方法,对韶山红色旅游景区植物景观进行研究,总结其植物景观营造的总体特征,得出的主要结论有： (1)植物主题方面：①韶山红色风景旅游区植物景观的主题造景寓意通过植物本身所特有的文化内涵来点题,如雪松、黑松、竹子等,这些植物都能表现出毛主席的人格特征,或以植物的特有含义来表达人们对毛主席的怀念。②植物造景主题文化内涵通过植物的观赏特点来表明,如四季变换所表示的特有景色可以体现出不同的主题。而一些景观通过植物的搭配来描绘毛主席著名的诗词,这样能更好的表现景观的变化,体现植物造景的主题。③植物主题造景体现文化内涵是以植物所含的文化内涵提升主题的文化内涵。这个方式以植物的形态特征来表现景观和主题。不同的造型给主题以浓厚的文化内涵。植物的传统内涵在人们心中已经根深蒂固了,人们普遍认同的文化内涵已经成为植物的标志性符号,具有代表性。利用植物这一主题特点来造景对园林主题的体现更容易被理解。 (2)植物种类方面：①韶山红色风景旅游区植物种类构成以乡土树种为主,引进一部分外来树种和栽培树种,丰富了物种组成。景区内植物主要是乔木居多,乔木和草本物种多样性均高于灌木。植物种类造型上景区内随处可见的各式植物造型也为景区添上一抹别致,如造型奇特的黑松和大师题字的景观黄石,盆栽造型的红继木和榆树桩置于建筑前,彰显气势和宏伟。②韶山风景旅游区季相景观,春季以观花为特色,主要有白色系、粉红-红色系、蓝-紫色系、黄色系、黄绿色系等花色,而彩叶植物则以红枫为胜。夏季植物枝繁叶茂,郁郁葱葱,林下空间适宜纳凉,舒适感较强,观花植物分布也较多,白色系与粉-红色系占主导地位,黄色系植物也有一定分布。秋季以观叶植物为主,红色叶和黄色叶占主导地位,突出了层次与色彩的搭配,观花植物与观果植物也有一定的分布,如红艳欲滴的构骨果和火棘果。冬季植物枝干虬劲,落叶植物形态特征明显,姿态与枝干是主要的观赏特性,与常绿植物深绿的色彩形成对比,突出了植物的形体美。 (3)韶山风景旅游区通过模拟自然植物群落,依据生态学中的竞争、共生、循环等原理来配置。该空间多以纪念性的建筑为中心,巧妙地利用大乔木、小乔木、灌木以及地被,营造出多样的植物空间,柔和建筑线条。通过植物配置反应出毛泽东先生生前的许许多多的个人品质和气节,给后人提供一个缅怀和纪念的场所。 (4)韶山风景旅游区植物造景的设计手法,使用了包括有障景、框景、借景、意景、烘托、引导与示意、立体轮廓、划分空间等十余种的设计手法。这些设计手法应用于植物造景中使得景观变幻多样,赋予多样性和复杂性。同时,让景区景观极具观赏价值,并达到了“移步换景”“小中见大”的效果。这使得游客到此观光旅游不仅仅是为缅怀与瞻仰伟人,更可以是为了观赏这变化多姿、浑然天成的魅力风光。
[Abstract]:Hunan Shaoshan is the hometown of the great leader Mao Zedong, the famous revolutionary memorial, patriotic education demonstration base and national scenic area. Part of the building belongs to the country in a number of projects, with Comrade Mao Zedong as the core of the memorial square and planting plants, echoed the various attractions, and superior terrain conditions and the original environment. The plant landscape characteristics, Shaoshan has rich plant species diversity, the type of space, four seasons, the morphological characteristics of plant landscape can be analyzed from different aspects, is an excellent case study of modern plant landscape.
The plant landscape in Shaoshan red tourism scenic spots as the research object; the center view of Comrade Mao Zedong's former residence, Mao Zedong Memorial Hall in Shaoshan, Shaoshan Mao Zedong Memorial Museum in Shaoshan, the statue of Mao Zedong square, Shaoshan hotel as the research object; to investigate the range of plant landscape types, plant species, plant configuration, landscape design techniques for research content; through theme analysis, type analysis, configuration analysis, technique analysis research methods, conducts the research to the Shaoshan red tourism scenic landscape, summarizes the general characteristics of the plant landscape construction, the main conclusions are as follows:
(1): the Shaoshan botanical plant theme red scenic area landscape theme landscaping meaning through the plant itself unique cultural connotation to the point, such as cedar, pine, bamboo and so on, these plants can show the personality characteristics of Chairman Mao, or with unique meaning plants to express nostalgia for Chairman Mao at the plant landscape theme cultural connotation through the ornamental characteristics of unique scenery such as the seasons that can reflect the different themes. Some landscape plants by collocation to depict Mao famous poems, such changes can better reflect the landscape, plant landscape theme. The theme landscaping plants the cultural connotation is embodied in the plant contains the connotation of culture promoting the theme cultural connotation. This approach to plant morphological characteristics to show the landscape and theme. Different shapes to subject to Strong cultural connotation. The traditional connotation of plants has been deeply rooted in people's minds. The cultural connotations commonly recognized by people have become the symbol symbols of plants. They are representative. The theme of landscaping is easier to be understood by using the theme of plants.
(2) plant species: Shaoshan plant red scenic area to species of indigenous tree species, part of the introduction of exotic tree species and cultivated species, rich in species composition. Scenic plants were mostly trees, trees and herbaceous species diversity is higher than that of shrub species. Other scenic spots everywhere in all kinds of other plants also add a touch of scenic spots such as quaint chic, black pine and master inscription landscape in Huangshi, red wood and other potted elm piles under construction, highlight the momentum and magnificent. The Shaoshan scenic area, seasonal landscape, spring flowers features, mainly white, pink and red. Blue - purple, yellow, yellow green and other colors, the color leafed plants in Hongfeng wins. Summer plants with luxuriant foliage, forest space suitable for a wild profusion of vegetation, cool, comfortable feeling strong, view of flowering plants distribution is more White powder, and red - dominated, yellow plants also have a certain distribution. In the autumn foliage plants, red leaves and yellow leaf dominate, highlighting the level and color collocation, flowering plants have a certain distribution and ornamental fruit plants, such as the red color of fruit and bone. Pyracantha. Winter plant branches Qiu Jin, deciduous plants with obvious morphological characteristics, ornamental characteristics and attitude is the main branches, and evergreen plant green color formation contrast, highlight the beauty of plants.
(3) the Shaoshan scenic area by simulating natural plant communities, based on the ecology of the competition, symbiosis, circulation principle to configure. The space in the memorial building as the center, the clever use of large trees, small trees, shrubs and ground cover plants, creating space, architectural lines through the soft. Plant configuration reflects Mr Mao Zedong's many personal quality and integrity, to provide a place to commemorate the future generations.
(4) design methods of plant landscaping in Shaoshan scenic area, including the use of barrier scene, box scene, viewborrowing, scene, foil, guide and sign, stereo contour, division of space more than ten kinds of design methods. The application of these techniques in the design of plant landscape in the landscape diversity and variety, give complexity. At the same time, let the scenic landscape highly ornamental value, and achieve the "King" "small" effect. This makes the tourists visit the city is not only for nostalgia and visited the great man can, to watch the change of scene, the charm of scenery like nature itself.

【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F592.7;S688

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