风险规避对农户化肥过量施用行为的影响

发布时间：2017-12-28 10:59

本文关键词：风险规避对农户化肥过量施用行为的影响　出处：《中国农村经济》2014年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：化肥施用在提高中国农业产出的同时也带来了严重的环境污染问题,并威胁到中国农业可持续发展。本文基于四省农户调查数据,测算了中国化肥过量施用的程度,并通过经济计量模型分析了导致农户过量施肥的原因。研究结果表明,四省玉米种植农户的化肥施用折纯量平均达到27.0公斤/亩,其中,过量施用量达到10.4公斤/亩,化肥过量施用量占总施用量的38.5%。进一步的计量模型估计结果表明,农户风险规避是导致化肥过量施用的重要原因,农户风险规避程度越高,越倾向于施用更多化肥以避免潜在的产量损失。此外,劳动力机会成本、户主受教育程度、土地质量等也是影响农户过量施肥行为的重要因素。
[Abstract]:The application of chemical fertilizer has brought serious environmental pollution problems and threatened the sustainable development of China's agriculture as well as improving the agricultural output of China. Based on the household survey data of four provinces, the paper calculates the degree of excessive chemical fertilizer application in China, and analyzes the causes of excessive fertilization by the econometric model. The results showed that the average amount of fertilizer application of corn farmers in four provinces reached 27 kg / mu, of which, the excess application amount reached 10.4 kg / mu, and the chemical fertilizer application accounted for 38.5% of the total application amount. The results of further econometric models show that farmers' risk aversion is the main reason for excessive chemical fertilizer application. The higher the risk aversion is, the more inclined to use more chemical fertilizers to avoid potential loss. In addition, the opportunity cost of labor, the education degree of the owner of the household and the quality of the land are also the important factors that affect the behavior of excessive fertilization.
【作者单位】：中国人民大学农业与农村发展学院;中国科学院农业政策研究中心;
【基金】：国家玉米产业技术体系(编号:nycytx-02) 国家自然科学基金项目“区域农业发展与农产品市场政策”(编号:71222302)的资助
【分类号】：F426.72
【正文快照】： —、引言化肥投入的大幅增加在促进中国农业生产的同时也带来了严重的环境污染问题(Huang andRozelle,1996)。自1960年以来,全球化肥施用量增长了近五倍,而中国是世界上化肥施用量增长最快的国家之一。根据国家统计局的数据,中国化肥施用折纯量已经从1980年的1269.4万吨上升到

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