中国大型钢铁企业物流运输组织优化研究

发布时间：2017-12-30 17:47

本文关键词：中国大型钢铁企业物流运输组织优化研究　出处：《中央民族大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：钢铁是中国工业化和城市化的重要战略物资,国家的发展和人民生活水平的提高,都离不开钢铁行业的发展。随着“两化”进程的不断加速,钢铁的产量也快速增长。近年来,我国钢铁产量始终保持全球第一,2012年中国粗钢产量达到了7.17亿吨。但是,我国的钢铁企业与国际上知名的钢铁企业相比,物流的现代化水平比较低。低下的物流效率、不完善的物流功能和高昂的物流成本,成为制约中国钢铁企业生产和贸易的瓶颈。此外,世界知名钢铁企业,如美国、日本和欧盟等发达国家的钢铁物流企业相比,中国大型钢铁企业的物流存在专业化低、成本高、效益低和管理方式落后的问题。按照生产作业的空间布局,本文将中国大型钢铁企业物流分为三个环节：一是原燃料入厂；二是钢铁企业的厂内运输；三是钢材产品的出厂运输及到达最终使用前的二次加工。在对中国比较典型的大型钢铁企业的物流运输三个环节的现状进行调查分析的基础上,找出其中存在的一些关键性问题。然后,根据在每个环节中发现的具体问题进行系统的梳理,并结合现代信息技术和物流手段的发展对各个环节中的运输组织进行优化。中国大型钢铁企业厂内运输存在的主要问题是运输方式的单一,特别是传统的老钢铁企业过于依赖铁路运输。在钢铁企业生产车间,为了解决这个关键的问题,本文提出可以采用供应链的思想,丰富厂内运输的方式,减少装卸原料的环节等。钢铁企业的运量比较大,尤其是年产量在千万吨以上的大型钢铁企业,从上端的原料、燃料到下端运送到消费企业的钢材产成品的运量都是大规模的。因此,针对上下端两个环节,分别对运输和仓库储存的问题进行梳理,然后根据实际情况提出最合理的运输方式与策略。在厂外运输组织方面,随着中国钢铁行业的兼并、整合,如何有效的整合各个分企业的资源优势是关键问题。运输和库存是钢铁企业厂外运输中需要关注的两个重点。本文提出,要从系统化、集成化的角度出发,综合考虑运输成本、库存成本、进货来源、订货周期、运输产品的种类以及数量,由此来降低整个供应链的运营成本。针对中国钢铁企业距离实际客户之间的距离较长的特点,提出要在实施信息化战略的前提下,采用现代物流的运输方式,特别是优先采用供应链管理模式的运输方式。在盈利方面,应将运输服务商纳入到自身供应链管理下,与优质的合作伙伴建立信息共享、利润分成的战略合作模式,确保运输可靠性的不断提高和库存成本保持较低的水平。
[Abstract]:Iron and steel is an important strategic material of industrialization and urbanization in China. The development of the country and the improvement of the people's living standard can not be separated from the development of the steel industry. Steel production is also growing rapidly. In recent years, China's steel production has remained the first in the world, China's crude steel production reached 717 million tons in 2012. Compared with the well-known iron and steel enterprises in the world, the modernization level of logistics in our country is relatively low, low logistics efficiency, imperfect logistics function and high logistics cost. In addition, the world famous steel enterprises, such as the United States, Japan and the European Union and other developed countries steel logistics enterprises compared. The logistics of large iron and steel enterprises in China is characterized by low specialization, high cost, low efficiency and backward management. According to the spatial layout of production operation, the logistics of large iron and steel enterprises in China is divided into three links: first, the original fuel into the plant; Second, the in-plant transportation of iron and steel enterprises; The third is the outgoing transportation of steel products and the secondary processing before the final use. On the basis of the investigation and analysis of the three links of logistics transportation of typical large iron and steel enterprises in China. Find out some of the key problems. Then, according to the specific problems found in each link, a systematic combing. Combined with the development of modern information technology and logistics means, the transportation organization in each link is optimized. The main problem of in-plant transportation in large iron and steel enterprises in China is the single mode of transportation, especially the traditional old iron and steel enterprises rely too much on railway transportation. In order to solve this key problem, this paper put forward the idea of supply chain, enrich the mode of in-plant transportation, reduce the link of loading and unloading raw materials, etc. The volume of iron and steel enterprises is relatively large. Especially for large steel enterprises with annual output of more than ten million tons, the volume of finished steel products transported from the upper end to the lower end is large scale. Therefore, there are two links in the upper and lower end. The problems of transportation and warehouse storage are sorted out, and the most reasonable transportation modes and strategies are put forward according to the actual situation. In the field of off-plant transportation organization, with the merger and integration of China's steel industry. How to effectively integrate the resource advantages of each sub-enterprise is a key issue. Transportation and inventory are the two key points in out-of-plant transportation of iron and steel enterprises. This paper puts forward that we should start from the perspective of systematization and integration. The operation cost of the whole supply chain can be reduced by considering the transportation cost, inventory cost, purchase source, order period, type and quantity of the product. In view of the long distance between the Chinese iron and steel enterprises and the actual customers, it is proposed that the modern logistics transportation mode should be adopted under the premise of implementing the information strategy. In particular, priority should be given to supply chain management modes of transport. In terms of profitability, transport service providers should be included in their own supply chain management and information sharing should be established with high-quality partners. Profit sharing strategic cooperation model to ensure continuous improvement of transport reliability and low inventory costs.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.31;F259.23

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