上市钢铁企业竞争力：模型、指标和国际比较

发布时间：2018-01-17 02:37

本文关键词：上市钢铁企业竞争力：模型、指标和国际比较　出处：《浙江理工大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：钢铁业是我国的支柱行业，在经济发展中的作用不言而喻，其发展态势的好坏及竞争能力的大小直接影响着我国的综合国力。经过60多年的发展，我国早已跨入钢铁大国的行列，钢铁年产量连续多年稳居世界首位，但与大国地位不相称的是，钢铁行业仍面临着产业集中度低，污染与浪费严重，成本上升，利润下降等困难和问题。这些问题的存在不仅影响着钢铁行业的竞争力，而且关系到国家经济的稳定和安全。通过对钢铁企业竞争力的评价分析，挖掘我国钢铁企业发展过程中出现的问题，并针对问题提出相应的对策措施，可以有效改善我国上市钢铁企业的经营水平，提高钢铁行业的竞争力水平，因而本文的研究具有重要的意义。竞争力分析具有实用性强、适用价值大的特征，是经济管理和统计分析理论中一种重要的分析方法。作为竞争力理论的重要组成部分，，钢铁企业竞争力理论虽然研究的历史不久，但发展迅猛，是当前经济理论发展最快的分支之一。因子分析法是企业竞争力评价的重要方法和工具，为竞争力量化分析和研究提供了科学的解决途径。采用因子分析法对我国上市钢铁企业的竞争力状况进行实证研究，能够挖掘出当前钢铁行业存在的问题，进而为解决这些问题找到科学的方法和针对性对策及措施。因而本文选用因子分析法对我国上市钢铁企业竞争力进行评价和分析。本研究重点主要有： (1)钢铁企业竞争力评价模型的构建。企业竞争力评价体系是由一系列与竞争力相关的评价模型、评价指标体系、和评价标准等形成的统一体。因而文章首先对竞争力评价理论、竞争力评价方法、钢铁企业竞争力指标的理论研究进行回顾和总结，接着对前人评价模型相关研究进行梳理并结合当今钢铁行业发展的新形势，构建了由6个一级指标、23个二级指标组成的钢铁企业竞争力评价模型，同时对相关的模型指标进行了介绍和解析。 (2)实证分析。为有效找出国内外钢铁企业间的差距和分析竞争力的变迁状况，我们选取27家国内上市钢铁企业和4家国外的著名钢铁企业作为样本，截取2006年至2011年的数据，运用因子分析法和构建的模型对样本企业进行竞争力综合评价分析，得出以下主要结论：①我国上市钢铁企业同国外钢铁巨头相比，仍然存在着规模上的劣势；②样本上市钢铁企业规模实力都有所增强，但我国上市钢铁企业的盈利水平下降，规模效益尚未充分发挥出来；③我国上市钢铁企业同国外著名钢企相比，技术创新能力存在着较大的差距。
[Abstract]:The steel industry is the pillar industry of our country, the function in the economic development is self-evident, its development situation is good or bad and the size of the competition ability directly affects the comprehensive national strength of our country. After more than 60 years of development. China has already stepped into the ranks of a large country of iron and steel, the annual output of iron and steel has been ranked first in the world for many years. However, the iron and steel industry is still faced with low industrial concentration, serious pollution and waste, and rising costs. The existence of these problems not only affects the competitiveness of the steel industry, but also relates to the stability and security of the national economy. Excavating the problems in the development of Chinese iron and steel enterprises and putting forward the corresponding countermeasures can effectively improve the management level of listed iron and steel enterprises in our country and enhance the competitiveness of the steel industry. Therefore, the study of this paper is of great significance. Competitiveness analysis is a kind of important analysis method in economic management and statistical analysis theory. It is an important part of competitiveness theory. Although the history of iron and steel enterprise competitiveness theory is not long, it is developing rapidly, and it is one of the fastest developing branches of economic theory. Factor analysis is an important method and tool of enterprise competitiveness evaluation. It provides a scientific solution for the quantitative analysis and research of competitiveness. Using factor analysis to analyze the competitiveness of listed iron and steel enterprises in China, we can find out the existing problems in the current steel industry. Therefore, this paper selects factor analysis method to evaluate and analyze the competitiveness of listed iron and steel enterprises in China. The evaluation system of enterprise competitiveness is composed of a series of evaluation models related to competitiveness and evaluation index system. Therefore, the article firstly reviews and summarizes the theory of competitiveness evaluation, the evaluation methods of competitiveness and the theoretical research of competitiveness index of iron and steel enterprises. Then combing the related research of previous evaluation models and combining the new situation of steel industry development, the paper constructs a competitive evaluation model of iron and steel enterprises, which consists of 6 primary indicators and 23 secondary indicators. At the same time, the related model indicators are introduced and analyzed. In order to find out the gap between domestic and foreign iron and steel enterprises and analyze the changing situation of competitiveness, we select 27 domestic listed steel enterprises and 4 famous foreign steel enterprises as samples. The data from 2006 to 2011 are intercepted, and the comprehensive evaluation of the competitiveness of the sample enterprises is analyzed by using the factor analysis method and the constructed model. The main conclusions are as follows: 1 China's listed iron and steel enterprises still have a disadvantage in scale compared with foreign iron and steel giants; (2) the scale strength of the sample listed iron and steel enterprises has been strengthened, but the profit level of the listed iron and steel enterprises in our country has declined, and the scale benefit has not been brought into full play; Compared with foreign famous steel enterprises, there is a big gap in technological innovation ability of listed iron and steel enterprises in our country.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.31;F272

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