基于碳足迹的北京电力行业效率的研究

发布时间：2018-02-24 05:15

本文关键词： 碳足迹电力行业运行效率数据包络分析（DEA）　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济的高速发展，电力行业产生的问题日益突出,同时它对城市的可持续发展和城市环境带来的负面影响不容忽视。尤其是在现今全球变暖的大趋势下，提高电力行业的运行效率，降低对大气环境的污染，减轻城市自身的负荷成为政府、学术界和社会都十分关注的问题。为落实十七届五中全会和“十二五”规划纲要关于“合理控制能源消费总量”的精神，有效缓解能源资源约束，统筹能源与经济、社会、环境全面协调可持续发展，，北京市制定了能源消费总量控制方案，开展了一系列务实可行且富有成效的工作，比如初步设定2015年能源消费总量控制目标为9000万吨标准煤左右，同时确定了“十二五”末优质能源消费比重80%以上、煤炭消费总量2000万吨以内的能源结构优化目标。所以，研究基于碳足迹的电力行业的运营效率，对城市的发展、城市环境的保护，以及资源集约型社会都具有重要的理论和实践意义。无论何种生产活动都离不开能源的使用，本文根据IPCC提供的GWP（全球供暖潜能值及相关物质的碳排放因子，计算出电力行业总的碳排放量。从效率评价的角度出发，运用数据包络方法（Data Envelopment Analysis），分析比较了十三年北京市电力行业的运行效率，其中的指标大部分来自于中国电力年鉴。在效率评价中，本文选取了多角度和多模型，得出了四种结果，分别为以输入为导向的规模效益不变模型、以输出为导向的规模效益不变模型、以输入为导向的规模效益可变模型、以输出为导向的规模效益可变模型。得到了各年各决策单元电力运行的纯技术效率、规模效率、规模趋势值，从而揭示了电力行业运行效率的总体情况。研究显示，电力运行效率评价方法具有良好的有效性，不仅能比较出规模效率、纯技术效率，还能对各个指标对效率的影响进行较为深入的分析，本文研究的方法和路线可以为类似的基于碳足迹的电力行业运行效率作为一个参考和借鉴的例子。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of China's economy, the problems arising from the electric power industry are becoming increasingly prominent. At the same time, its negative impact on the sustainable development of cities and the urban environment should not be ignored, especially in the current trend of global warming. To improve the operation efficiency of electric power industry, to reduce the pollution to the atmospheric environment and to lighten the load of the city itself has become a problem that the government, academia and society pay close attention to. In order to implement the spirit of the Fifth Plenary session of the 17 CPC Central Committee and the outline of the 12th Five-Year Plan on "rationally controlling the total amount of energy consumption", to effectively ease the constraints on energy and resources, and to co-ordinate the overall coordinated and sustainable development of energy, economy, society and environment, Beijing has formulated a total energy consumption control plan, and has carried out a series of practical, feasible and fruitful work. For example, it has initially set the total energy consumption control target for 2015 to be about 90 million tons of standard coal. At the same time, it has determined the energy structure optimization target of the end of the 12th Five-Year Plan in which the proportion of high-quality energy consumption is more than 80% and the total coal consumption is less than 20 million tons. Therefore, the operation efficiency of the electric power industry based on the carbon footprint is studied, and the development of the city is also studied. The protection of urban environment and resource-intensive society have important theoretical and practical significance. No matter what kind of production activities are inseparable from the use of energy, this paper calculates the total carbon emissions of the power industry according to the GWP (Global heating potential value and the carbon Emission Factor of related substances) provided by IPCC. From the point of view of efficiency evaluation, data Envelopment analysis method is used to analyze and compare the operation efficiency of Beijing electric power industry for 13 years. Most of the indexes are derived from the China Electric Power Yearbook. In this paper, we select multi-angle and multi-model, and obtain four results, which are input-oriented scale-benefit invariant model, output-oriented scale-benefit invariant model, input-oriented scale-benefit variable model. Based on the output oriented variable model of scale benefit, the pure technical efficiency, scale efficiency and trend value of power operation of each decision making unit in each year are obtained, thus revealing the overall situation of power industry operation efficiency. The research shows that the evaluation method of electric power operation efficiency has good effectiveness, not only can compare the scale efficiency and pure technical efficiency, but also can deeply analyze the influence of each index on efficiency. The methods and routes studied in this paper can be used as a reference and reference example for similar power industry operation efficiency based on carbon footprint.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.61;X82

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