中国风电产业政策研究

发布时间：2018-03-04 22:28

本文选题：风力发电　切入点：风电产业　出处：《华中师范大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前中国面临的能源安全和环境保护问题日益突出,风力发电越来越受到重视。但是受限于资源分布和技术原因,与传统能源相比,风电电力成本在电力市场中不具竞争优势,如果没有政府政策的扶持,风力发电在当前的电力市场中没有竞争力。此外,风电本身的间歇性、随机性和波动性,风电并网会影响电网的稳定性和带来电力调度上的难题,难以通过简单的市场机制解决。本文首先对中国风电产业发展现状、中国风电产业政策和存在的问题进行了初步分析。指出当前中国风电产业发展中面临着综合规划缺乏、风电技术落后、风电并网障碍和产业政策不配套等问题,影响风电产业持续稳健发展。在此基础上通过情景分析法对风电产业发展中技术研发、市场机制和政策支持对风电产业发展进行了情景预测。同时分析了中国政府的风电技术研发策略选择,风电发展目标规划中的政府行为,风电市场中供需双方企业行为,并借鉴国外发展风电的经验,提出构建促进中国风电产业发展的政策体系。第一,根据风力资源分布和风电产业现状制定科学、合理的风电场建设规划,同时明确风电产业发展中地方政府的作用和地位,通过政策引导和统筹协调规制地方政府的行为,协调风电供需双方的企业行为,共同促进风电产业发展。第二,通过加大对风电产业的财政投入、建立促进风电产业发展的融资环境,发展中国风电产业的产业基金来扩大对风电产业融资渠道。同时进一步完善风电产业税费政策,增加风电产业盈利预期和投资者的积极性,其中通过调整关税政策引导外国公司将整机制造技术向国内转移,促进中国风电产业在技术研究方面更好吸收和创新。第三,通过加大对技术研发的资金投入、强研发队伍的培养、建立并完善风电产业技术标准并确保技术标准有效执行,建立以市场需求为导向促进风电技术研发的社会化服务体系等措施完善的风电技术研发和创新体系,提高中国风电技术研发和自主创新能力。第四,通过对风电并网电价进行补贴和并网工程投资进行补贴的同时,加强配套电网规划建设和系统优化,建立适合风电产业持续稳健发展的市场机制,同时加快风电消纳市场的建设,全面衡量建立适合的风电开发、配送和消纳方案。第五,进一步完善支持风电产业的法律法规体系、加大政策执行力度和政策监管力度,同时继续完善风电产业相关的配套设施政策,通过系统化的产业政策下和相关的配套政策的共同作用下促进中国风电产业长期、快速和稳健的可持续发展。
[Abstract]:At present, the problems of energy security and environmental protection in China are becoming increasingly prominent, and wind power generation has been paid more and more attention. However, due to the distribution of resources and technical reasons, wind power costs do not have a competitive advantage in the electricity market compared with traditional energy sources. Without the support of government policies, wind power generation is not competitive in the current electricity market. In addition, the intermittent, randomness and volatility of wind power itself, wind power interconnection will affect the stability of the power grid and bring problems in power dispatching. Difficult to solve through simple market mechanism. In this paper, the current situation of wind power industry in China, the policy of wind power industry in China and the existing problems are analyzed. It is pointed out that the development of wind power industry in China is faced with a lack of comprehensive planning and backward wind power technology. Problems such as obstacles to wind power grid connection and lack of matching industrial policies affect the sustained and steady development of wind power industry. On this basis, research and development of wind power industry technology in the development of wind power industry is carried out through scenario analysis. Market mechanism and policy support forecast the wind power industry development. At the same time, it analyzes the Chinese government's strategy choice of wind power technology research and development, the government behavior in the wind power development target planning, the enterprise behavior of both supply and demand in the wind power market. Based on the experience of foreign wind power development, this paper puts forward a policy system to promote the development of wind power industry in China. First, according to the distribution of wind power resources and the current situation of the wind power industry, we should formulate a scientific and rational wind farm construction plan, and at the same time make clear the role and position of the local governments in the development of the wind power industry. Through policy guidance and coordinated regulation of the behavior of local governments, coordinating the enterprise behavior of both supply and demand of wind power, and jointly promoting the development of wind power industry. Second, by increasing the financial input to the wind power industry, Establish a financing environment to promote the development of the wind power industry, develop industrial funds for the wind power industry in China to expand the financing channels for the wind power industry. At the same time, further improve the tax and fee policy for the wind power industry, increase the profit expectations of the wind power industry and the enthusiasm of investors. Among them, by adjusting the tariff policy, foreign companies will be guided to transfer the whole machine manufacturing technology to China, so as to promote better absorption and innovation in technological research in the Chinese wind power industry. Third, by increasing the investment in technological research and development, Strengthen the training of R & D team, establish and improve the technical standards of wind power industry and ensure the effective implementation of technical standards, To establish a sound wind power technology research and development and innovation system based on market demand oriented social service system for wind power technology research and development, and to improve the capability of wind power technology development and independent innovation in China. 4th, By subsidizing the wind power grid price and the investment in the grid connection project, we should strengthen the planning and construction of the supporting grid and optimize the system, and establish a market mechanism suitable for the sustained and steady development of the wind power industry. At the same time, speed up the construction of the wind power consumption market, comprehensively measure the establishment of suitable wind power development, distribution and absorption schemes. 5th, further improve the legal and regulatory system to support the wind power industry, and intensify policy implementation and policy supervision. At the same time, we should continue to improve the supporting facilities policy of wind power industry, and promote the long-term, rapid and steady sustainable development of wind power industry in China through the combination of systematic industrial policies and related supporting policies.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.61

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