集聚与贸易竞争力：来自中国制造业的经验分析

发布时间：2018-03-09 12:29

本文选题：制造业　切入点：产业集聚　出处：《湖南大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当前,中国已经超过美国成为全球货物贸易进出口最大的经济体。贸易的快速发展对我国经济增长的巨大贡献和对人民生活水平提高的巨大作用,使我们将目光汇聚到对外贸易的发展问题上来。而在我国货物贸易发展的同时,生产活动的日趋全球化并没有使得企业的生产经营活动在空间布局上趋于均衡,产业集聚现象在国内风起云涌。基于这样的背景,笔者对研究产业集聚,对外贸易,以及二者之间关系的文献进行了整理,并在此基础上,拟定了本文的研究框架和行文思路。本文对产业集聚、对外贸易的现实背景进行了描述性地介绍,并选取相应的测算方法,对我国制造业集聚程度和制造业贸易竞争力的现状进行了分析和总结。在对相关理论进行梳理的基础上,利用外在经济理论,交易费用理论,空间经济理论和技术创新理论,建立了制造业集聚与贸易竞争力之间的理论联系。在此基础上,本文采用1999-2012年15类制造业面板数据,通过建立面板回归模型,对制造业集聚影响贸易竞争力的程度进行了实证研究。结果表明,集聚以及上述相关中介变量对贸易竞争力都存在显著的影响。同时,通过建立因果模型,估算了生产成本、劳动效率、交易成本、工资水平和技术创新等中介变量对应的中介效应在制造业集聚影响其贸易竞争力过程中的作用。结果显示,从总体上来看,我国制造业集聚对制造业贸易竞争力的提升提到了积极作用;其中,劳动效率、交易费用和技术创新等中介变量所对应的中介效应呈现出显著的正向影响效果,而生产成本和工资水平所对应的中介效应在整体上并不明显。此外,这些中介变量的中介效应还表现出了显著的行业间差异。因此,作为政策的制定者,在制定制造业集聚政策时,要根据不同行业的特点予以区别对待。同时,政府和厂商都应充分发挥外在经济效应的作用,重视交易成本的影响,辩证地对待本地市场效应,以及合理利用技术创新的推动作用。并针对不同中介变量中介效应的差异,政策制定者在引导制造业集聚的过程中,应该趋利避害,使我国制造业集聚在更大程度上促进出口贸易的发展。
[Abstract]:At present, China has surpassed the United States to become the largest import and export economy in goods trade in the world. The rapid development of trade has greatly contributed to China's economic growth and has greatly contributed to the improvement of people's living standards. While the development of China's trade in goods is developing, the increasing globalization of production activities has not made the production and management activities of enterprises tend to be balanced in the spatial distribution. The phenomenon of industrial agglomeration is surging in China. Based on this background, the author collates the literature on industrial agglomeration, foreign trade and the relationship between them, and on this basis, This paper introduces the realistic background of industrial agglomeration and foreign trade in a descriptive way, and selects the corresponding measuring methods. This paper analyzes and summarizes the degree of agglomeration of manufacturing industry and the present situation of trade competitiveness of manufacturing industry in China. On the basis of combing the relevant theories, it makes use of external economic theory, transaction cost theory, space economy theory and technological innovation theory. Based on the theoretical relationship between manufacturing agglomeration and trade competitiveness, this paper adopts 15 kinds of manufacturing panel data from 1999 to 2012, and establishes a panel regression model. This paper makes an empirical study on the extent of agglomeration of manufacturing industry affecting trade competitiveness. The results show that agglomeration and the above mentioned intermediary variables have significant effects on trade competitiveness. At the same time, by establishing a causal model, the production costs are estimated. The intermediary effect corresponding to the intermediary variables such as labor efficiency, transaction cost, wage level and technological innovation in the process of manufacturing agglomeration affecting its trade competitiveness. The results show that, on the whole, The agglomeration of manufacturing industry in China plays a positive role in promoting the competitiveness of manufacturing trade, among which, the intermediary effects corresponding to the intermediary variables, such as labor efficiency, transaction cost and technological innovation, show significant positive effects. In addition, the intermediary effects of these intermediary variables also show significant inter-industry differences. Therefore, as policy makers, the intermediary effects of production costs and wage levels are not obvious on the whole. When making the policy of manufacturing agglomeration, we should treat it differently according to the characteristics of different industries. At the same time, both the government and the manufacturer should give full play to the external economic effect, attach importance to the influence of transaction cost, and treat the local market effect dialectically. According to the difference of intermediary effect of different intermediary variables, the policy makers should seek advantages and avoid disadvantages in the process of leading manufacturing agglomeration. So that China's manufacturing agglomeration to a greater extent to promote the development of export trade.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F424;F752.6

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