页岩油气革命引发全球石油市场变革

发布时间：2018-04-30 03:23

本文选题：页岩油 + 世界石油需求　；参考：《中外能源》2014年12期

【摘要】：正当前,北美页岩油气繁荣正在引发全球石油市场的一场大变革,美国在石油市场中的地位异军突起。页岩油气革命深入改变着全球能源市场。随着页岩油气产量不断激增,美国开始冲击石油输出国组织欧佩克"石油霸主"的地位。华尔街投行高盛集团发布报告认为,美国页岩油行业的繁荣发展已经创造出"石油新秩序",其影响力将超越欧佩克。高盛集团在其报告中表示,美国的页岩油将会取代欧佩克,成为原油生产的最大决定性因素;与此同时,欧佩克正在失去定价权,全球石油生产量的增长超过了需求的增长。由于美国这匹"黑马"的闯入,世界石油市场供应更加充裕。与此同时,世界石油需求增长相对缓慢,原油市场从原来的供应偏紧转为供应过剩。在双重压力之下,国际石油价格步步下行。2014年下半年以来,国际油价累计下跌近30%。普氏能源资讯全球石油编辑总监埃斯瓦瑞·拉马萨米认为,国际油价下跌的根本原因在于供需失衡。全球主要经济体发展增速放缓,导致需求疲弱,但中东维持高产,美国新增石油产能不断提高,进口进一步减少。在专家看来,原油市场
[Abstract]:At a time when the shale boom in North America is triggering a major change in the global oil market, the United States is emerging as an oil market. The shale oil-gas revolution has profoundly transformed the global energy market. With shale oil and gas production soaring, the United States has begun to attack OPEC's "oil supremacy." Wall Street investment bank Goldman Sachs said in a report that the boom in the U.S. shale oil industry has created a "new oil order" that will outweigh OPEC. In its report, Goldman Sachs said U.S. shale oil would replace OPEC as the biggest determinant of crude production, while OPEC was losing pricing power as global oil production grew faster than demand. The world oil market is more abundant because of the invasion of the dark horse in the United States. At the same time, world oil demand growth is relatively slow, crude oil market from the original tight supply to supply surplus. Under double pressure, international oil prices are falling. Since the second half of 2014, international oil prices have fallen by nearly 30 percent. Eswali Ramasami, global oil editor for Platts Energy, said the underlying cause of the fall in international oil prices was an imbalance between supply and demand. Slower growth in the world's major economies has led to weak demand, but the Middle East has remained prolific, with new U.S. oil capacity rising and imports falling further. In the opinion of experts, the crude oil market
【分类号】：F416.22;F764.1

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