露天矿采矿用地差异化管理研究

发布时间：2018-04-30 18:26

本文选题：露天矿 + 采矿用地　；参考：《中国地质大学（北京）》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：矿产资源的开发与利用是全国经济发展的重要支撑，但由于资源需求的不断增加，“矿—地”矛盾愈加严峻。采矿用地的管理涉及到土地管理与矿业管理，通过构建有效且符合实际需求的用地机制，实现采矿用地的合理利用，对于矿区损毁土地的复垦工作、土地资源的集约节约利用及可持续利用等具有重要意义。因此，探求并构建露天矿采矿用地创新机制，推动采矿用地系统的协同发展是本文研究的主要出发点。论文首先对作为研究背景的我国矿、地概况进行了解读，以产权经济学、可持续发展理论、土地集约节约理论、协同理论和生态文明理论为指导，采用抽象分析与系统分析相结合、实地考察与案例实证分析相结合、定性与定量分析相结合以及比较研究与归纳总结相结合的研究方法，，厘清了采矿用地、临时用地以及土地复垦的界定及内涵，分析探讨了露天矿采矿用地的特征、规律，及在利用中暴露的主要问题，并提出设立独立的采矿用地权构想。在建立采矿用地系统并对系统特征进行分析的基础上，本文提出了采矿用地系统协同发展的理念，通过对协同发展目标的解析，进而提出探索推动系统协同发展的露天矿采矿用地创新机制。以平果铝土矿为例，针对采矿用地系统推进用地方式创新机制，主要包括改变过去采矿用地供地方式，以临时用地方式代替永久征地；简化土地审批制度；切实落实临时用地补偿；建立采矿用地退出机制，企业采矿活动完毕后将复垦土地还给村民集体。经实际测算得出，在该机制下可有效实现经济、社会以及生态效益三者的统一。最后，论文选取铝土矿、煤矿、铁矿三类典型矿种，针对露天矿采矿用地创新机制下的用地方式改革，进行不同矿种的差异化分析。研究表明，露天开采铝土矿整体上较为适合推进采矿用地方式改革；煤矿中，从露天煤矿规模上来界定，小型矿较为适合推进采矿用地方式改革，中型矿次之，特大型矿最次。而从煤层数的角度界定，单一煤层或煤层数不多的露天煤矿，更适宜推进采矿用地方式改革；对于大型露天铁矿，以及与其资源赋存条件相似的大部分金属矿，如铅锌矿、铜矿、金矿等，不适宜推进采矿用地方式改革。
[Abstract]:The exploitation and utilization of mineral resources is an important support for the national economic development, but the contradiction between mine and land becomes more and more serious because of the increasing demand for mineral resources. The management of mining land involves land management and mining management. The rational use of mining land can be realized by constructing an effective and practical land use mechanism, and the reclamation of damaged land in mining area can be achieved. Intensive conservation and sustainable utilization of land resources are of great significance. Therefore, it is the main starting point of this paper to explore and construct the innovative mechanism of mining land in opencast mine and to promote the cooperative development of mining land system. Firstly, the paper interprets the general situation of mine and land in China as the research background, guided by property rights economics, sustainable development theory, land intensive saving theory, synergy theory and ecological civilization theory. By combining abstract analysis with system analysis, field investigation with case study, qualitative and quantitative analysis, comparative study and summary, the paper clarifies the mining land. The definition and connotation of temporary land use and land reclamation are analyzed and discussed in this paper, the characteristics, rules, and main problems exposed in the utilization of open pit mining land are analyzed and discussed, and the idea of establishing independent mining land rights is put forward. Based on the establishment of mining land system and the analysis of system characteristics, this paper puts forward the concept of cooperative development of mining land system, and analyzes the goal of cooperative development. Furthermore, the paper puts forward the innovative mechanism of mining land in open pit mine to promote the cooperative development of the system. Taking Pingguo bauxite mine as an example, this paper promotes the innovation mechanism of land use in view of mining land system, mainly including changing the mode of land supply for mining land in the past, replacing permanent land requisition with temporary land use, simplifying the land approval system; The temporary land compensation should be implemented, and the withdrawal mechanism of mining land should be set up, and the reclaimed land should be returned to the villagers' collective after the enterprise's mining activities. According to the actual calculation, the unity of economic, social and ecological benefits can be realized effectively under this mechanism. Finally, the paper selects bauxite, coal mine, iron ore three types of typical ore, in view of the open pit mining land innovation mechanism under the land use reform, carries on the difference analysis of different ore types. The results show that open-pit bauxite mining is more suitable to promote the reform of mining land use mode, and in coal mine, small mine is more suitable to promote the reform of mining land use mode, medium mine is the second, and super large mine is the most important. In terms of the number of coal seams, open coal mines with a single coal seam or a small number of coal seams are more suitable to promote the reform of mining land use; for large open pit iron mines, and for most metal mines similar to their resources, such as lead and zinc mines, Copper, gold, and so on, is not suitable to promote the reform of mining land use.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TD88;F426.1

【参考文献】