中国工程机械企业对外直接投资问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 07:39

本文选题：中国工程机械企业 + 对外直接投资　；参考：《东北财经大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近几年,以“金砖四国”为代表的新兴经济体的迅速崛起,为世界经济发展增加了新的活力。新兴经济体在国际经济中起着越来越重要的作用,其在国际上的直接投资也快速增加。随着中国经济的突飞猛进,目前我国已逐步成为新兴经济体对外直接投资的主力军。自1978年起,我国工程机械行业得到了良好的发展,取得了巨大的进步,为经济建设提供了强有力的支持,同时建起了一些具有国际竞争力的民族工程机械企业,比如三一重工、徐工集团、中联重科等,它们在国际竞争中显示出了强大的生命力。自2006年开始,我国工程机械行业逐渐掀起了对外直接投资的热潮,不断加快海外扩张的步伐。发展至今,中国工程机械企业的对外直接投资活动正在不断增多,投资规模也在不断扩大,投资方式以绿地投资为主。中国工程机械行业正在由制造工厂转变为集制造、销售、服务为一体的全产业链集团,2012年我国工程机械企业更是制造了一次次大手笔的收购,但是总体来看我国工程机械企业“走出去”却并不顺利,主要原因是当地企业和政府对于中国的企业技术实力、运营能力、品质保障等尚有疑虑。进入2013年后,世界经济变得更加不稳定,欧洲对中国光伏产业征收反倾销反垄断税、中国对欧洲进口葡萄酒、奶粉等产品的经济制裁等事件的发生,均为各国海外经营增加了更多的不确定因素。存这种政治经济环境中,研究中国工程机械行业如何更好地进行对外直接投资、更快地发展自己显得更加具有现实意义。本文将相关理论与现实经济数据结合起来分析中国工程机械企业对外直接投资的动因,同时采用了数据说明和图表分析等方法。具体来讲,本文在分析了我国工程机械企业对外直接投资的现状基础上,通过多方面地对比总结出我国工程机械企业对外直接投资存在的优势及问题,并通过借鉴发达国家发展的成功经验,提出了提高我国工程机械对外投资效益的种种建议。相对于前人持有的我国工程机械企业对外直接投资处于绝对劣势地位的观点,本文通过对比分析,总结出我国拥有的优势,对我国现有成就予以肯定。论文结构安排如下：第一部分是导论。介绍选题背景、说明选题意义,评述目前国内外的相关研究成果,明确本文的行文思路及章节安排,指出研究方法、创新与不足。第二部分是中国工程机械企业对外直接投资理论分析。介绍国外学者的两大理论——比较优势理论及内部化理论。在上述理论支撑下,结合我国工程机械企业进行对外直接投资的历史,分析出我国工程机械企业对外直接投资的内在动因。第三部分是中国工程机械企业对外直接投资的现状。该部分结合了大量数据、图表等相关资料,具体分析了目前我国工程机械行业对外直接投资在投资规模、投资趋势、投资方式、地区分布、资金来源等方面的现状。第四部分是我国工程机械企业对外直接投资的优势及现存的不足。通过对比分析的方法,总结出我国工程机械企业对外直接投资在销售增长、产品价格、人力成本等方面所具备的优势,并指出目前我国尚需在外部风险控制、政府职能、企业自身等方面加以改进。第五部分是发达国家对外直接投资的经验。以我国对外直接投资现存问题入手,分析了发达国家的成功经验,认为我国应该在财政税收、科技政策、金融保险等政府层面以及销售、技术创新、再制造、节能环保等企业层面向发达国家学习。第六部分以上述分析为基础,提出优化中国工程机械行业对外直接投资的对策建议。政府方面应从财政税收、科技政策、金融保险、法律法规等四个方面加以改善；企业方面则应该更加注重资金销售、创新技术、再制造、节能环保等方面的提高。
[Abstract]:In recent years , the rapid rise of emerging economies , represented by " BRICS " , has added new impetus to the development of the world economy . With the rapid development of China ' s economy , China has gradually become the main force of foreign direct investment in emerging economies . Since 1978 , China ' s engineering machinery industry has gradually become the main force of foreign direct investment .

Based on the analysis of the present situation of foreign direct investment in China ' s engineering machinery enterprises , this paper analyzes the advantages and problems of foreign direct investment in China ' s engineering machinery enterprises , and puts forward some suggestions for improving the foreign direct investment of Chinese engineering machinery enterprises .

The first part is introduction . Introduce the background of the selection , explain the significance of the selection , comment on the relevant research results at home and abroad , make clear the thinking and the chapter arrangement of the text , and point out the research method , innovation and deficiency .

The second part is the analysis of the foreign direct investment theory of Chinese engineering machinery enterprises . The two theories of foreign scholars , comparative advantage theory and internalization theory are introduced . Under the above - mentioned theoretical support , the intrinsic motivation of the foreign direct investment of Chinese engineering machinery enterprises is analyzed .

The third part is the present situation of the foreign direct investment of Chinese engineering machinery enterprises . This part combines extensive data , charts and other relevant information , and analyzes the current situation of foreign direct investment in the investment scale , investment trend , investment mode , regional distribution , fund source and so on in our country ' s engineering machinery industry .

The fourth part is the advantage of the foreign direct investment of the engineering machinery enterprises in our country and the existing deficiency . Through the comparative analysis method , the advantages of the foreign direct investment in the sales growth , the product price and the manpower cost of the engineering machinery enterprises in our country are summarized , and it is pointed out that the country still needs to improve the external risk control , the government function , the enterprise itself and so on .

The fifth part is the experience of the foreign direct investment in developed countries . The successful experience of developed countries is analyzed in the light of the existing problems of foreign direct investment in our country , and it is believed that our country should learn from the developed countries at the level of government , such as fiscal taxation , science and technology policy , financial insurance , etc . , as well as the enterprise level such as sales , technological innovation , re - manufacturing , energy conservation and environmental protection .

The sixth part , based on the above analysis , puts forward the countermeasures to optimize the foreign direct investment in China ' s engineering machinery industry . The government should improve from four aspects such as financial taxation , science and technology policy , financial insurance and laws and regulations ;
Enterprises should pay more attention to the improvement of fund sales , innovation technology , remanufacture , energy conservation and environmental protection .
【学位授予单位】：东北财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.4;F832.6

【参考文献】