煤炭企业战略转型的风险管理研究

发布时间：2018-05-29 09:45

本文选题：煤炭企业 + 战略转型　；参考：《华中师范大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：伴随我国推进新型工业化和城镇化同步发展的改革步伐,能源需求将持续增长且体量庞大。由我国的基本国情所决定,煤炭在未来相当长时期作为能源供应的基础地位不会动摇。当前国家正处于经济增速换挡期,在整个煤炭行业产能过剩、需求疲软、价格低位徘徊以及国家产业结构调整、节能减排的多重压力下,煤炭企业生存面临严峻挑战,粗放式发展的弊端明显暴露出来。本文运用不完全归纳法总结出煤炭企业现存的不合时宜之处,然后指出煤炭企业迫切需要转变发展方式,主动实施战略转型,加快转型部署,向多元化、清洁化、集约化、组织扁平化、集团化、国际化的方向转变,这对于提高煤炭企业发展质量和经济、社会效益,实现可持续发展有重要现实意义,对于国家的能源安全具有重大战略意义。在环境复杂多变、机遇与风险并存的时代背景下,煤炭企业的转型革命面临诸多不确定因素,它们的不利变化或短板将成为制约转型进程和成败的潜在风险。鉴于此,本文对煤炭企业战略转型风险进行了较为系统的研究。首先,根据战略风险类型的相关理论,结合煤炭行业特点,从宏观环境、行业环境、企业内部资源、企业内部能力、企业组织结构等五个维度对风险因素进行了逻辑分析和推理,识别出引发风险事故的具体风险源,据此建立了由5个一级指标、30个二级指标构成的煤炭企业战略转型的风险指标体系。其次,运用基于AHP法的模糊数学分析方法建立了风险的多级模糊综合评价模型,此法也能对各一级风险指标进行评估,以便于直观、定量描述转型风险。随后选取了山西某大型煤炭企业L集团为研究案例,在确立其战略转型风险指标体系的基础上,应用该风险评价模型得到其风险评值属于一般等级的结论,并进一步判断出影响L集团战略转型的一级风险指标排序从大到小依次为：企业内部资源风险宏观环境风险企业内部能力风险行业环境风险企业组织结构风险,对该企业重点把握好突出风险的管理有一定参考价值。最后,根据风险管理的基本思想,从避免风险、转移风险、降低风险损失、降低风险概率等四个角度提出了煤炭企业转型风险的防范对策。以上研究结果对煤炭企业在实施战略转型过程中强化风险意识、提高风险管理能力、有效规避风险,最终确保转型成功有重要意义。
[Abstract]:With the development of new industrialization and urbanization in China, the energy demand will continue to increase and the volume of energy will be huge. Determined by the basic conditions of our country, coal will not be shaken as the basis of energy supply in a long period in the future. At present, the country is in a period of shifting economic growth. Under the pressure of overcapacity, weak demand, low prices, adjustment of the national industrial structure, energy conservation and emission reduction, coal enterprises are facing severe challenges in their survival. The drawback of extensive development is obvious. In this paper, the author sums up the extant anachronism of coal enterprises by using incomplete induction method, and then points out that coal enterprises urgently need to change the mode of development, take the initiative to implement strategic transformation, speed up the transition and deploy, and turn to diversification, cleanness and intensification. It is of great practical significance to improve the development quality and economic and social benefits of coal enterprises and to realize sustainable development, and it is of great strategic significance to national energy security. Under the background of complicated environment and co-existence of opportunity and risk, the transformation revolution of coal enterprises faces many uncertain factors, their unfavorable changes or shortcuts will become the potential risks that restrict the process of transition and the success or failure of the transformation. In view of this, this article carries on the more systematic research to the coal enterprise strategic transformation risk. First of all, according to the relevant theory of strategic risk type, combined with the characteristics of coal industry, from the macro environment, industry environment, enterprise internal resources, enterprise internal capabilities, Five dimensions, such as organizational structure, analyze and infer the risk factors, and identify the specific risk sources that lead to the risk accidents. Based on this, a risk index system of strategic transformation of coal enterprises is established, which is composed of 5 first-grade indexes and 30 second-class indexes. Secondly, the multi-level fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model of risk is established by using the fuzzy mathematics analysis method based on AHP method. This method can also evaluate the risk index of each level, so as to describe the transition risk directly and quantitatively. Then, a large coal enterprise group L in Shanxi Province is selected as a case study. On the basis of establishing its strategic transition risk index system, the risk evaluation model is applied to obtain the conclusion that its risk evaluation value belongs to the general grade. Furthermore, it is concluded that the ranking of the first-level risk indicators affecting the strategic transformation of L Group is: internal resource risk, macro environmental risk, enterprise internal capability risk, industry environmental risk, enterprise organizational structure risk. It has some reference value to the management of the outstanding risk. Finally, according to the basic idea of risk management, this paper puts forward the countermeasures of coal enterprises' transition risk from four angles: avoiding risk, transferring risk, reducing risk loss and reducing risk probability. The above results are of great significance for coal enterprises to strengthen risk awareness, improve risk management ability, effectively avoid risks and ultimately ensure the success of the transition in the process of implementing strategic transformation.
【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F272.3;F426.21

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