带时间窗的卷烟物流配送动态车辆路径优化方法研究

发布时间：2018-06-27 00:48

本文选题：卷烟物流 + 动态车辆路径问题　；参考：《北京交通大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国烟草行业,尤其是烟草分销领域的发展正面临着国内外双重压力的严峻形势,对外要抵御国际烟草巨头的扩张和渗透,对内要与高速发展的国内物流公司进行激烈的市场竞争。面对新形势,国家烟草行业做出了加快发展现代卷烟物流管理配送系统的重要指示,并将其作为提升烟草流通企业市场竞争力的重要途径和手段。本论文,结合参加“烟草商业企业精益物流应用研究”课题的实际研究工作,从烟草企业卷烟物流配送的实际需求出发,对带时间窗的卷烟物流配送动态车辆路径优化方法进行了选题研究。车辆路径安排是卷烟物流配送的一个重要环节,随着卷烟客户对服务交付时间的要求越来越高,实施动态车辆配送路径优化就显得尤为重要。带时间窗的卷烟物流配送动态车辆路径优化问题,是建立以客户需求服务为核心的卷烟物流配送动态调度系统的关键问题,也是发展建设现代卷烟物流系统面对的重要课题之一。该问题研究,对实现卷烟物流资源动态整合与合理配置、降低卷烟物流成本、提高烟草商业企业物流效率和客户服务质量等都具有重要的实际意义。本论文,在对国内外研究现状分析的基础上,结合对卷烟物流精益化配送策略的系统分析,建立了带时间窗的动态车辆路径优化模型,提出了采用两阶段法求解策略和改进型遗传算法,并通过实例验证了模型和算法的有效性。本文的主要研究内容及成果包括： 1.通过对VRP问题描述,分析了动态车辆路径问题(DVRP)的定义、分类,并提出DVRP问题为客户需求时间不确定性引起的问题；通过对现代精益物流内涵和卷烟物流配送系统分析,总结归纳出了卷烟物流精益化的配送策略。 2.针对带时间窗的动态VRP问题(DVRPTW),设定了关于软时间窗的惩罚函数,并建立了以惩罚成本和配送消耗成本最小为目标函数的卷烟物流精益化配送路径优化模型。 3.通过分析烟草配送中心的DVRPTW工作原理,提出了“静态初始优化阶段+动态局部优化阶段”的配送路径模型两阶段求解策略。 4.针对一般遗传算法容易出现早熟收敛等缺点,提出了求解卷烟物流带时间窗的动态VRP问题(DVRPTW)的改进遗传算法,包括采用动态线性标定方式表示适应度函数、采用最佳个体保存与赌轮选择相结合的选择策略、采用适用于已有路径改造的模拟退火法等。 5.以湖南省益阳市烟草公司某区20个客户为例进行了实例分析,验证了所建模型的正确性和求解方法的有效性,为实际动态车辆路径选择提供了决策依据。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development of tobacco industry in China, especially in the field of tobacco distribution, is facing a severe situation of double pressure at home and abroad, so it is necessary to resist the expansion and infiltration of international tobacco giants. Domestic and high-speed development of domestic logistics companies to carry out fierce market competition. Faced with the new situation, the national tobacco industry has made important instructions to speed up the development of modern cigarette logistics management and distribution system, and regard it as an important way and means to enhance the market competitiveness of tobacco circulation enterprises. This paper, combined with the actual research work of "Application Research of Lean Logistics in Tobacco Commercial Enterprises", starts from the actual demand of cigarette logistics distribution in tobacco enterprises. The method of vehicle routing optimization for cigarette logistics distribution with time window is studied. Vehicle routing is an important part of cigarette logistics distribution. With the increasing demand of service delivery time for cigarette customers, it is particularly important to implement dynamic vehicle distribution path optimization. The dynamic vehicle routing optimization of cigarette logistics distribution with time window is a key problem in the establishment of a dynamic scheduling system of cigarette logistics distribution with customer demand service as the core. It is also one of the important subjects in the development and construction of modern cigarette logistics system. The study of this problem is of great practical significance to realize the dynamic integration and rational allocation of cigarette logistics resources, reduce the cost of cigarette logistics, and improve the efficiency of logistics and customer service quality of tobacco commercial enterprises. Based on the analysis of domestic and foreign research situation and the systematic analysis of lean distribution strategy of cigarette logistics, a dynamic vehicle path optimization model with time window is established in this paper. The two-stage method and the improved genetic algorithm are proposed, and the validity of the model and algorithm is verified by an example. The main contents and achievements of this paper are as follows: 1. By describing the VRP problem, this paper analyzes the definition and classification of the dynamic vehicle routing problem (DVRP), and puts forward that the DVRP problem is caused by the uncertainty of customer demand time, and analyzes the connotation of modern lean logistics and the distribution system of cigarette logistics. Summed up the lean distribution strategy of cigarette logistics. 2. Aiming at the dynamic VRP problem with time window (DVRPTW), the penalty function of soft time window is set up, and the optimization model of lean distribution path of cigarette logistics is established, which takes the minimum cost of punishment and cost of distribution as the objective function. 3. By analyzing the working principle of DVRPTW in tobacco distribution center, a two-stage solution strategy of "static initial optimization stage dynamic local optimization stage" distribution path model is proposed. 4. In order to solve the problem of dynamic VRP with time window (DVRPTW) in cigarette logistics, an improved genetic algorithm is proposed to solve the problem of cigarette logistics, such as premature convergence and so on. The best individual preservation strategy combined with the selection of gambling wheel is adopted, and the simulated annealing method, which is suitable for the existing path transformation, is adopted. Taking 20 customers in a district of Yiyang Tobacco Company of Hunan Province as an example, the correctness of the model and the validity of the solution method are verified, and the decision basis for the actual dynamic vehicle routing is provided.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TS48;U492.22;F426.89

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