我国油页岩开发利用政策研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 19:09

【摘要】：当今国际原油价格居高不下，面对我国能源需求的强劲势头，我国需要抓紧发展油页岩产业。吉林省作为全国油页岩资源储量最丰富的地区，占我国油页岩资源总量的55%，因此选取吉林XX市XX油页岩开发利用有限公司为例，探寻我国油页岩行业发展的政策侧重点，具有现实意义。通过对国内外油页岩开发现状及政策的分析，，明确我国油页岩目前存在的问题，即油页岩的勘探精度不足、油页岩的开发利用技术水平较低、我国政府对油页岩保护支持政策力度不强以及环境保护与治理难度较大。最后，借鉴美国（2005年）《能源法案》以及荷兰的“绿色基金计划”，分别提出将我国油页岩资源列入战略储备能源及建设我国“绿色矿业基金”的建议。 XXXX油页岩有限公司是我国矿产资源综合利用示范基地，同时也是绿色矿山建设企业，现年产规模约为60万吨，运营状况良好。在全国油页岩企业中具有代表性，根据企业提供的运营数据，采用技术经济评价的方式，估算出了桦甸丰泰油页岩有限公司的盈亏平衡点，即开采油页岩干馏练油（页岩油）的成本为每吨3059.28元，当国际原油价格为每桶67.7美元时，处于保本状态。根据这一价格，结合政府干预理论中的政府规制手段，提出了采用动态监管的方式，通过出台税收减免的政策，确保油页岩企业的正常有序生产。本文从理论与实际相结合的高度，通过对我国现有的油页岩行业的扶持政策分析，明确了我国政府在未来对油页岩行业发展的政策及调整建议。即：一是建立动态监管机制，实时跟踪企业盈亏平衡点，并作为税收调整的依据，为低盈利与不盈利企业提供税收保护；二是将我国油页岩资源列入国家储备能源，在确保我国能源安全的前提下，有序开展对油页岩行业发展的研究。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, the international crude oil price is high, facing the strong trend of our country's energy demand, it is necessary for our country to develop the oil shale industry. Jilin Province, as the region with the most abundant oil shale resources in China, accounts for 55% of the total oil shale resources in China. Therefore, XX Oil Shale Development and Utilization Co., Ltd. of XX City of Jilin Province is selected as an example to explore the policy focus of the development of oil shale industry in China. It is of practical significance. Through the analysis of the present situation and policy of oil shale development at home and abroad, it is clear that the existing problems of oil shale in China are that the exploration precision of oil shale is insufficient, and the technical level of oil shale development and utilization is low. It is difficult for our government to support oil shale protection policy and environmental protection. Finally, drawing on the Energy Act of the United States (2005) and the Green Fund Plan of the Netherlands, Respectively, the paper puts forward some suggestions for the inclusion of oil shale resources in China's strategic energy reserves and the construction of China's "Green Mining Fund". XXXX Oil Shale Co., Ltd. is a demonstration base for the comprehensive utilization of mineral resources in China. At the same time is also a green mine construction enterprises, the current annual production of about 600000 tons, good operating conditions. According to the operation data provided by the enterprises, the profit and loss breakeven point of Huadian Fengtai Oil Shale Co., Ltd is estimated by the way of technical and economic evaluation. That is, the cost of producing oil shale dry-distilled oil is 3059.28 yuan per tonne, while international crude oil prices are at $67.70 a barrel, they are in a state of capital preservation. According to this price, combined with the government regulation means in the theory of government intervention, this paper puts forward the way of adopting dynamic supervision and issuing the policy of tax relief to ensure the normal and orderly production of oil shale enterprises. From the angle of combining theory with practice, this paper analyzes the supporting policy of oil shale industry in our country, and clarifies the policy and adjustment suggestions of our government for the development of oil shale industry in the future. That is, to establish a dynamic regulatory mechanism to track the break-even points of enterprises in real time, and to provide tax protection for low-profit and non-profitable enterprises as the basis for tax adjustment; and second, to include oil shale resources in China as a national energy reserve. Under the premise of ensuring the energy security of our country, the research on the development of oil shale industry is carried out in an orderly manner.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.2

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