低碳环境下火电行业全要素能源效率及技术进步研究
发布时间：2018-09-07 08:47
【摘要】：低碳经济转型是低碳经济环境下世界各国发展面临的重要问题,对于市场经济的参与主体——企业而言,这既是一次前所未有的挑战,也是一次空前的机遇。火电行业虽然在发展过程中取得了很大的成就,但要实现低碳之路仍面临很大的困难。解决火电行业能源供需矛盾和环境问题一方面可以从节源开流,提高能源使用效率着手；另一方面可积极推进新技术的研发,投入到实体经济的生产过程中。因此,本文根据数据包络分析(DEA)方法和曼奎斯特(Malmquist)生产率指数法计算并分析了中国1986-2010年火电行业全要素能源效率及技术进步状况,并应用Tobit回归模型分析了低碳经济转型过程中火电行业全要素能源效率及技术进步影响因素。 研究结果显示：(1)1986-2010年期间中国火电行业全要素能源效率呈现“U”型变化趋势,其中转折点发生1997-2000年之间。(2)考虑CO2排放与不考虑CO2排放情景下,1989-2002年期间考虑CO2排放时火电行业表现出更低的全要素能源效率,2003-2010年期间在两种情景下的全要素能源效率保持相等并达到有效。(3)从全国区域看,东部地区全要素能源效率受CO2约束影响更小,其次是西部和中部地区。(4)从区域角度看,无CO2排放约束时,东部技术进步增长更高,其次是西部和中部；有CO2约束时,中部地区技术进步增长超过西部地区,西部地区技术进步呈现负增长。(5)市场化改革和技术进步对全要素能源效率提高有显著的积极正向影响。(6)环境规制强度、能源价格和机组性能对提高全要素能源效率也具有正向影响作用,但是其影响强度非常小。(7)可再生能源装机的提高对全要素能源效率提高有显著的负向影响。(8)高参数、高性能的机组比例的提高是影响火电行业技术进步的主要影响因素。(9)市场化改革和环境规制强度对技术进步也有正向影响作用,环境规制强度的影响作用非常微弱。(10)能源价格的提高对技术进步有负向影响作用。最后本文对上述结果的原因进行了分析,并给出了相关政策建议。
[Abstract]:The transformation of low-carbon economy is an important problem facing the development of countries in the world under the environment of low-carbon economy, which is not only an unprecedented challenge but also an unprecedented opportunity for enterprises, the main body of market economy. Although the thermal power industry has made great achievements in the process of development, it still faces great difficulties to realize the road of low carbon. To solve the contradiction between energy supply and demand and environmental problems in thermal power industry, on the one hand, we can open the current from saving sources and improve the efficiency of energy use; on the other hand, we can actively promote the research and development of new technologies and put them into the production process of the real economy. Therefore, based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method and Manquist (Malmquist) productivity index method, this paper calculates and analyzes the total factor energy efficiency and technological progress of thermal power industry in China from 1986 to 2010. The Tobit regression model is applied to analyze the factors affecting the energy efficiency and technological progress of thermal power industry in the process of low-carbon economy transformation. The results show that: (1) from 1986 to 2010, the total factor energy efficiency of thermal power industry in China showed a "U" type change trend. The turning point occurred between 1997-2000. (2) when considering CO2 emission and not considering CO2 emission scenarios, the thermal power industry showed lower overall factor energy efficiency when considering CO2 emissions during 1989-2002. Efficiency remains equal and is effective. (3) from the point of view of the whole country, In the eastern region, the total factor energy efficiency is less affected by CO2 constraints, followed by the western and central regions. (4) from a regional point of view, the eastern region has higher technological progress without CO2 emission constraints, followed by the western and central regions; The technological progress in the central region is higher than that in the western region. (5) the market-oriented reform and technological progress have a significant positive and positive impact on the improvement of energy efficiency of all factors. (6) the intensity of environmental regulation. Energy price and unit performance also have a positive effect on the improvement of total factor energy efficiency, but the impact intensity is very small. (7) the increase of renewable energy installation has a significant negative impact on the improvement of total factor energy efficiency. (8) High parameters, The increase of the proportion of high performance units is the main factor that affects the technical progress of thermal power industry. (9) the market-oriented reform and the intensity of environmental regulation also have a positive effect on the technological progress. The influence of environmental regulation intensity is very weak. (10) the increase of energy price has a negative effect on technological progress. Finally, the reasons for the above results are analyzed, and the relevant policy suggestions are given.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.61
本文编号：2227782
[Abstract]:The transformation of low-carbon economy is an important problem facing the development of countries in the world under the environment of low-carbon economy, which is not only an unprecedented challenge but also an unprecedented opportunity for enterprises, the main body of market economy. Although the thermal power industry has made great achievements in the process of development, it still faces great difficulties to realize the road of low carbon. To solve the contradiction between energy supply and demand and environmental problems in thermal power industry, on the one hand, we can open the current from saving sources and improve the efficiency of energy use; on the other hand, we can actively promote the research and development of new technologies and put them into the production process of the real economy. Therefore, based on the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method and Manquist (Malmquist) productivity index method, this paper calculates and analyzes the total factor energy efficiency and technological progress of thermal power industry in China from 1986 to 2010. The Tobit regression model is applied to analyze the factors affecting the energy efficiency and technological progress of thermal power industry in the process of low-carbon economy transformation. The results show that: (1) from 1986 to 2010, the total factor energy efficiency of thermal power industry in China showed a "U" type change trend. The turning point occurred between 1997-2000. (2) when considering CO2 emission and not considering CO2 emission scenarios, the thermal power industry showed lower overall factor energy efficiency when considering CO2 emissions during 1989-2002. Efficiency remains equal and is effective. (3) from the point of view of the whole country, In the eastern region, the total factor energy efficiency is less affected by CO2 constraints, followed by the western and central regions. (4) from a regional point of view, the eastern region has higher technological progress without CO2 emission constraints, followed by the western and central regions; The technological progress in the central region is higher than that in the western region. (5) the market-oriented reform and technological progress have a significant positive and positive impact on the improvement of energy efficiency of all factors. (6) the intensity of environmental regulation. Energy price and unit performance also have a positive effect on the improvement of total factor energy efficiency, but the impact intensity is very small. (7) the increase of renewable energy installation has a significant negative impact on the improvement of total factor energy efficiency. (8) High parameters, The increase of the proportion of high performance units is the main factor that affects the technical progress of thermal power industry. (9) the market-oriented reform and the intensity of environmental regulation also have a positive effect on the technological progress. The influence of environmental regulation intensity is very weak. (10) the increase of energy price has a negative effect on technological progress. Finally, the reasons for the above results are analyzed, and the relevant policy suggestions are given.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F426.61
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 黄平;胡日东;;环境规制与企业技术创新相互促进的机理与实证研究[J];财经理论与实践;2010年01期
2 楼旭明;窦彩兰;汪贵浦;;基于DEA的中国电力改革绩效相对有效性评价[J];当代财经;2006年04期
3 庞瑞芝;王卢羡;张泉;;转型期间中国工业部门全要素能源效率的要素效应、结构效应与技术效应分析[J];当代经济科学;2009年05期
4 赵荣钦;黄贤金;钟太洋;;中国不同产业空间的碳排放强度与碳足迹分析[J];地理学报;2010年09期
5 王群伟;周德群;;中国全要素能源效率变动的实证研究[J];系统工程;2008年07期
6 黄德春;刘志彪;;环境规制与企业自主创新——基于波特假设的企业竞争优势构建[J];中国工业经济;2006年03期
7 原毅军;郭丽丽;孙佳;;结构、技术、管理与能源利用效率——基于2000—2010年中国省际面板数据的分析[J];中国工业经济;2012年07期
8 许士春;;环境管制与企业竞争力——基于“波特假说”的质疑[J];国际贸易问题;2007年05期
9 李廉水;周勇;;技术进步能提高能源效率吗?——基于中国工业部门的实证检验[J];管理世界;2006年10期
10 杨红亮;史丹;;能效研究方法和中国各地区能源效率的比较[J];经济理论与经济管理;2008年03期
，本文编号：2227782
本文链接：https://www.wllwen.com/guanlilunwen/shengchanguanlilunwen/2227782.html
