中国工业部门资本能源替代研究

发布时间：2018-09-11 10:19

【摘要】：中国近几十年经济的高速发展伴随着能源消耗量的急剧增长。随着能源对外依存度的不断上升和环境保护对经济增长约束的不断增强，未来中国经济的可持续发展需要中国经济各部门尤其是工业部门提高能源利用效率，降低能源利用强度。中国从十一五计划时期开始的宏观节能减排政策并没有在实质上减缓能源消耗的急剧增长，因此从微观视角入手，研究工业企业生产函数中资本与能源的替代原理与替代弹性，可以为我国有效提高能源利用效率提供参考。本文遵循历史考察—理论分析—实证检验—对策建议的逻辑对中国工业部门的资本能源替代问题展开研究。能源消耗、资本增长的历史数据表明，过高的能源消耗使得我国成为世界第二大经济体的同时也成为世界第一大能源消费国，而经济和金融几十年的发展已经积聚了大量社会资本，资本能源替代存在必要性和可行性。在此基础上本文将能源参数纳入到企业成本，建立了包含能源消耗的企业超对数成本函数，进而求解出了企业成本函数中各生产要素之间的替代弹性。通过运用1990-2011年中国工业部门数据对中国能源资本替代弹性进行实证检验，结果表明资本与能源之间在绝对投入量上存在替代关系，劳动与能源之间在绝对投入量上存在互补关系，但要素相对投入量之间的替代关系存在不确定性。最后，结合理论分析与实证结论，本文从要素价格市场化引导、促进技术进步以及进行政策引导三方面提出了促进资本替代能源的政策建议。
[Abstract]:The rapid development of China's economy in recent decades has been accompanied by a sharp increase in energy consumption. With the increasing degree of energy dependence on foreign countries and the increasing restriction of environmental protection on economic growth, the sustainable development of China's economy needs to improve the efficiency of energy utilization in all sectors of the Chinese economy, especially in the industrial sector. Reduce the intensity of energy use. China's macro-energy saving and emission reduction policies, which began during the 11th Five-Year Plan period, have not substantially slowed down the sharp increase in energy consumption. Therefore, from the micro perspective, the substitution principle and elasticity of capital and energy in the production function of industrial enterprises are studied. It can provide reference for improving the efficiency of energy utilization in China. Following the logic of historical investigation, theoretical analysis, empirical test and countermeasures, this paper studies the problem of capital energy substitution in China's industrial sector. Historical data on energy consumption and capital growth show that excessive energy consumption has made China the world's second largest economy and the world's largest energy consumer. The economic and financial development has accumulated a large number of social capital, capital energy substitution is necessary and feasible. On this basis, the energy parameters are incorporated into the cost of the enterprise, and the super-logarithmic cost function of the enterprise including energy consumption is established, and the substitution elasticity among the factors of production in the cost function of the enterprise is solved. By using the data of China's industrial sector from 1990 to 2011, this paper makes an empirical test on the elasticity of energy capital substitution in China. The results show that there is a substitution relationship between capital and energy input in absolute amount of investment. There is a complementary relationship between labor and energy in absolute input, but there is uncertainty in the substitution relationship between factors relative to input. Finally, combined with theoretical analysis and empirical conclusions, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions on promoting capital alternative energy from three aspects: factor price marketization, promoting technological progress and carrying out policy guidance.
【学位授予单位】：湖南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F424

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