我国上市生物制药企业技术效率测度及影响因素研究

发布时间：2018-10-07 19:30

【摘要】：21世纪是生物的时代，各国都加大了生物领域的投入，生物制药产业是重中之重。我国也加大了对生物制药产业的投入，从“十五”期间的10亿的研发投入，到“十二五”期间的100亿投入，我国生物制药产业发展已被提升到了一个全新的高度。但与国外生物制药企业相比，我国生物制药企业由于研发投入不足，企业规模小等因素，造成企业技术效率低下。本文通过对我国生物制药企业的技术效率进行测算并对效率低下的原因进行分析，希望找出影响生物制药企业技术效率低下的原因及提高生物制药企业效率的方法和途径。本文以技术经济与项目管理等相关理论为基础，对国内外的生物制药企业研究现状和DEA、SFA方法应用情况进行了论述，并对DEA和SFA方法原理进行了详细的介绍。结合我国141家上市生物制药企业的实际，对我国生物制药企业的概况进行分析。以劳动、资本和知识存量为投入指标，主营业务收入为产出指标，用DEA和SFA的方法对我国20家上市生物制药企业的技术效率进行测算。对两种方法测算结果进行比较，得出DEA和SFA两种方法所得结果具有一致性。在此基础上，用SFA方法对影响企业技术效率的因素进行了分析，找出了影响企业效率的正面因素和负面因素。最后对改善生物制药企业技术效率提出了几点建议。分析得出，生物制药企业是高新技术企业，盲目地增加企业员工数量不能提高企业的主营业务收入；提高企业知识存量，扩大企业规模，，有利于提高生物制药企业主营业务收入。对影响因素进行分析指出：新药和专利数、国有股比例、科研机构合作水平、融资能力、研发费用占主营业务比例和产业聚集度对提高企业技术效率有正的影响；研发人员比例、股权激励、企业家精神和能力对生物制药企业技术效率有不显著的负向影响。本研究不仅对生物制药企业的技术效率进行了测算和分析，还进一步证明了DEA和SFA方法在评价生物制药企业技术效率的合理性。同时还创新性的对影响技术效率定性因素进行了量化，为其他类型企业的技术效率评估提供了参考。
[Abstract]:The 21st century is the era of biology, all countries have increased the investment in biological field, biopharmaceutical industry is the most important. China has also increased its investment in the biopharmaceutical industry. From the 1 billion R & D investment during the 10th Five-Year Plan period to the 10 billion investment in the 12th Five-Year Plan period, the development of the biopharmaceutical industry in China has been promoted to a new height. However, compared with foreign biopharmaceutical enterprises, Chinese biopharmaceutical enterprises have low technical efficiency due to insufficient R & D investment and small scale of enterprises. By measuring the technical efficiency of the biopharmaceutical enterprises in China and analyzing the causes of the inefficiency, this paper hopes to find out the reasons that affect the technical inefficiency of the biopharmaceutical enterprises and the methods and ways to improve the efficiency of the biopharmaceutical enterprises. Based on the theories of technology economy and project management, this paper discusses the present research situation and the application of DEA,SFA method in biopharmaceutical enterprises at home and abroad, and introduces the principles of DEA and SFA methods in detail. Based on the practice of 141 listed biopharmaceutical enterprises in China, the general situation of Chinese biopharmaceutical enterprises is analyzed. Taking labor, capital and knowledge stock as input index and main business income as output index, the technical efficiency of 20 listed biopharmaceutical enterprises in China was measured by DEA and SFA. By comparing the results of the two methods, the results of DEA and SFA are consistent. On this basis, this paper analyzes the factors that affect the efficiency of enterprise technology by SFA method, and finds out the positive and negative factors that affect the efficiency of enterprises. Finally, some suggestions are put forward to improve the technical efficiency of biopharmaceutical enterprises. The analysis shows that biopharmaceutical enterprises are high and new technology enterprises, so blindly increasing the number of employees can not improve the main business income of enterprises, improve the knowledge stock of enterprises, and expand the scale of enterprises. It helps to improve the income of the main business of biopharmaceutical enterprises. It is pointed out that the number of new drugs and patents, the proportion of state-owned shares, the level of cooperation of scientific research institutions, the ability of financing, the proportion of R & D expenses to the main business and the degree of industrial agglomeration have positive effects on improving the technical efficiency of enterprises; The proportion of R & D personnel, equity incentive, entrepreneurship and ability have no significant negative impact on the technical efficiency of biopharmaceutical enterprises. This study not only measures and analyzes the technical efficiency of biopharmaceutical enterprises, but also proves the rationality of DEA and SFA methods in evaluating the technical efficiency of biopharmaceutical enterprises. At the same time, the qualitative factors that affect the technical efficiency are quantified creatively, which provides a reference for the evaluation of the technological efficiency of other types of enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F273.1;F426.72

【参考文献】