基于利益相关者理论的汽车供应链绩效评价研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 12:38

【摘要】：随着全球经济一体化的快速发展,汽车行业所面临的市场竞争环境发生了巨大的变化,传统汽车制造企业之间的个体竞争已经逐渐转化为汽车供应链系统之间的群体竞争。为了持续地获得市场竞争优势,汽车供应链上的成员企业逐步加强了彼此之间的协作,形成了集成化汽车供应链管理模式。供应链绩效评价作为成功实施供应链管理的重要环节之一,对于提升汽车企业的市场竞争力起着重大的促进作用。它不仅有利于供应链管理者掌握整个供应链的运行效果,及时协调供应链内外的合作关系；还能对供应链上各个成员的运行状态进行有效地监督和控制,及时发现运营过程中存在的问题并提出相应的解决方案。本文通过采用理论研究与实证分析、定量研究与定性分析相结合的研究方式,运用利益相关者理论和物元分析理论等多学科交叉的理论知识对汽车供应链绩效评价体系进行了全面系统的研究。首先,在阅读和参考大量文献的基础上对利益相关者和供应链绩效评价的相关理论进行了总结和归纳,并对汽车供应链的类型和结构特征进行了详细分析；然后,从利益相关者视角识别和分析了汽车供应链上的利益相关者及其利益要求和对供应链的绩效贡献,并采用米切尔评分法对主要的利益相关者进行了分类和删选,构建了汽车供应链的利益相关者绩效评价模型,并在阐述指标体系设计原则和思路的基础上,从供应链上游、供应链核心企业、供应链下游以及供应链链外环境四个方面设计了汽车供应链绩效评价指标体系,该指标体系涉及12个主要的利益相关者和38个关键的绩效指标,并给出了这些指标具体的量化方法。最后,采用了层次分析法确定指标权重,物元分析法进行综合评价的供应链绩效评价方法,对A汽车企业供应链绩效进行了实证分析,得出了该供应链上游绩效为良好,核心企业绩效为优秀,下游绩效为良好,链外绩效为良好,供应链总绩效为良好水平的评价结果。同时根据评价结果指出了该供应链存在的不足之处,并提出了相应的改进意见。本文的创新点主要体现在基于利益相关者的视角,按照供应链上不同利益主体对指标进行选取和分类,弥补了传统按照不同维度或业务流程分类方式只能反映供应链整体绩效而不能体现节点成员运行状态的缺陷。另外,运用基于物元分析理论的绩效评价方法能结合到汽车企业的客观数据,而不是仅仅依靠专家打分的方式进行结果的运算,这在一定程度上提高了供应链绩效评价的可操作性。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of global economic integration, the market competition environment faced by automobile industry has changed greatly. The individual competition among traditional automobile manufacturing enterprises has been gradually transformed into group competition among automotive supply chain systems. In order to obtain the market competitive advantage continuously, the member enterprises in the automobile supply chain have gradually strengthened the cooperation between each other, and formed the integrated automobile supply chain management mode. As one of the important links in the successful implementation of supply chain management, supply chain performance evaluation plays an important role in promoting the market competitiveness of automobile enterprises. It can not only help the supply chain managers master the operation effect of the whole supply chain, coordinate the cooperation relationship within and outside the supply chain in time, but also effectively supervise and control the running state of each member in the supply chain. Identify problems in the operation process and propose solutions. In this paper, theoretical research and empirical analysis, quantitative research and qualitative analysis are combined. Based on stakeholder theory and matter-element analysis theory, a comprehensive and systematic study on the performance evaluation system of automobile supply chain is carried out. First of all, on the basis of reading and referring to a large number of literatures, this paper summarizes and summarizes the relevant theories of stakeholder and supply chain performance evaluation, and analyzes the types and structural characteristics of automobile supply chain in detail. This paper identifies and analyzes the stakeholders in the automotive supply chain and their performance contribution from the perspective of stakeholders, and classifies and deletes the main stakeholders by using Mitchell scoring method. The performance evaluation model of stakeholders in automobile supply chain is constructed. On the basis of expounding the design principles and ideas of index system, the upstream of supply chain and the core enterprise of supply chain are discussed. The performance evaluation index system of automobile supply chain is designed in four aspects of downstream and off-chain environment of supply chain. The index system involves 12 main stakeholders and 38 key performance indicators. The quantitative methods of these indexes are given. Finally, using AHP to determine the index weight and matter element analysis for comprehensive evaluation of the supply chain performance evaluation method, an empirical analysis of the supply chain performance of A automobile enterprises, it is concluded that the upstream performance of the supply chain is good. The core enterprise performance is excellent, the downstream performance is good, the off-chain performance is good, and the total supply chain performance is good. At the same time, the shortcomings of the supply chain are pointed out according to the evaluation results, and the corresponding improvement suggestions are put forward. The innovation of this paper is mainly reflected in the selection and classification of indicators according to different stakeholders in the supply chain from the perspective of stakeholders. It can only reflect the overall performance of the supply chain but not the running state of the node members according to different dimensions or business process classification. In addition, the performance evaluation method based on matter-element analysis theory can be combined with the objective data of automobile enterprises, instead of relying solely on the method of expert scoring for the calculation of the results. To a certain extent, this improves the operability of supply chain performance evaluation.
【学位授予单位】：福州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F274;F426.471

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