某轿车装配生产线物料准时化供应研究

发布时间：2018-10-11 08:16

【摘要】：轿车混流总装配线物料供应系统在汽车生产全过程中占有至关重要的地位，是一个复杂的又精确的供应链物流体系，而轿车装配车间内面向流水线的物料供应系统又是整个供应链物流体系的核心。因此，本文选取轿车总装车间的物料供线方式和物料配送路径这两个方面进行深入研究。一方面针对轿车混流装配线的物料供线方式中重要零部件的排序耦合度低、排序效率低的特点。首先分析了不同缓冲区的优劣，重点放在提高缓冲区排序性能的新型缓冲区设计上。其次，对某轿车实际生产中的座椅排序问题做简化和提炼，创新的设计了Y型缓冲排序区；以排序结果对生产的可用度和排序效率两者的加权和为目标函数，建立评价排序区排序能力的数学模型。最后，使用C++语言编译的计算机程序来求解该模型，通过引入实例证明了该缓冲区排序的有效性；同时将求解结果与两种常用缓冲区的排序能力做比对，证明Y型缓冲排序区的排序性能最好。另一方面为解决在JIT生产模式下汽车总装生产线旁补货不及时的问题。提出在一定线旁库存量约束条件下以“装配单元—物料超市”节点方式的物料配送。使用库存量窗口取代传统的时间窗口作为约束准时化配送的条件，以配送循环总时间最小为目标函数，建立基于库存窗口的车辆调度数学模型。通过引入实际生产数据并采用基于模拟退火的改进粒子群算法求解该模型，实现基于线旁动态库存量约束条件下的物料供线路径的设定，同时证明了解决此类问题时该算法的高效性。本文首先对轿车零部件的供线缓存区进行重新设计，而后对供线零部件的配送路径进行优化设计，，使两者相辅相成有效地提高了生产物流的自动化程度和生产效率。
[Abstract]:The material supply system of car mixed flow assembly line plays an important role in the whole process of automobile production. It is a complex and accurate supply chain logistics system. The material supply system of car assembly workshop is the core of the whole supply chain logistics system. Therefore, this article selects the car assembly workshop material supply line way and the material distribution path these two aspects carries on the thorough research. On the one hand, it aims at the characteristics of low sorting coupling degree and low sorting efficiency of important parts in the material supply line of mixed assembly line of car. Firstly, the advantages and disadvantages of different buffers are analyzed, and the emphasis is put on the design of new buffers to improve the performance of buffer sorting. Secondly, the paper simplifies and refines the seat scheduling problem in the actual production of a certain car, and innovates the design of Y-type buffer sorting area, taking the weighted sum of both the availability and the sorting efficiency of the sorting results as the objective function. A mathematical model is established to evaluate the ranking ability of the sorting area. Finally, a computer program compiled in C language is used to solve the model. An example is introduced to prove the validity of the buffer sorting, and the results are compared with the sorting ability of two common buffers. It is proved that Y type buffer sorting region has the best sorting performance. On the other hand, in order to solve the JIT production model car assembly line side replenishment problem. This paper presents a method of material distribution based on the node of "assembly unit-material supermarket" under the condition of limited line side inventory. The inventory window is used to replace the traditional time window as the constraint condition for just-in-time distribution. The vehicle scheduling mathematical model based on inventory window is established with the minimum of the total distribution cycle time as the objective function. By introducing the actual production data and using the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm based on simulated annealing to solve the model, the path of the material supply line can be set under the condition of dynamic inventory constraints. At the same time, the efficiency of the algorithm is proved when solving this kind of problem. This paper first redesigns the supply line buffer area of car parts, and then optimizes the distribution path of supply line parts, which makes the two parts complement each other and effectively improve the automation degree and production efficiency of production logistics.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F274;F426.471

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