汽车经销商供应链金融保兑仓模式的订货决策分析

发布时间：2018-11-12 12:28

【摘要】：随着经济全球化及社会分工的不断细化，供应链上企业之间的协调发展逐渐成为提高整条供应链竞争力的目标。供应链核心企业为降低运营成本，会挤占上下游中小企业的资金，而中小企业因缺乏作为质押物来获得银行贷款的不动产，存在资金流运转困难，从而影响到整个供应链的效率。在中小企业融资困难的背景下，银行可以提供盘活资金的金融服务，整合物流与资金流，形成供应链金融。而汽车行业由于自身的供应链结构简明，且汽车经销商对资金的依赖性较大，因此成为供应链金融重点关注的领域。伴随着中国汽车市场逐步放缓的增速，销售不畅增大了经销商的库存压力，因此可以通过研究经销商在供应链金融业务下的订货决策，从而降低库存，增加企业利益。供应链金融保兑仓模式是一个包含多个复杂因素变量的系统，本文应用系统动力学研究了保兑仓模式下订货决策对现金流的影响。在相关理论基础上，以福田汽车经销商为研究对象，结合经销商保兑仓模式具体流程，定性分析出影响该模式的主要因素，，以此因素作为变量构建系统动力学模型，并对模型的适用性进行检验。运用该模型对经销商集中决策和分散决策两种发展战略下不同订货策略进行系统分析。通过对比两种决策下经销商库存量、现金存量以及供应链收益的差异，得出经销商库存量对现金存量的影响，论证了经销商选择不同发展战略的可能性；通过对不同指标的改变，得出质押率的上升会导致经销商现金存量的下降，另外，在途调节时间的变动能够影响经销商发展决策的制定，当在途库存调节时间小于0.6month时，经销商只能选择集中决策的发展战略，当在途库存调节时间大于0.6month时，经销商可以选择集中和分散两种决策的发展战略。本文的创新之处在于通过系统动力学模型对供应链金融保兑仓融资模式的订货决策进行系统分析。文中的系统动力学模型是针对福田汽车经销商构建的，且在模型构建中考虑到保兑仓业务关键性指标的设定，如赎货保证金、供应链收益等。通过将构建出的系统动力学系统运用到具体企业中，对经销商的发展战略决策、在不同的战略决策下的不同订货决策，以及决策何时开展进行了实证分析。
[Abstract]:With the economic globalization and the continuous refinement of the social division of labor, the coordinated development of enterprises in the supply chain has gradually become the goal to improve the competitiveness of the whole supply chain. In order to reduce the operating cost, the core enterprises of the supply chain will squeeze out the funds of the upstream and downstream small and medium-sized enterprises, and the small and medium-sized enterprises lack the real estate to obtain bank loans as collateral, so the capital flow is difficult to run. Thus affecting the efficiency of the entire supply chain. Under the background of financing difficulties of small and medium-sized enterprises, banks can provide financial services to activate funds, integrate logistics and capital flows, and form supply chain finance. Because of its simple supply chain structure and the dependence of automobile dealers on capital, automobile industry has become a key area of supply chain finance. With the slow growth of China's automobile market, the unsmooth sales increase the dealer's inventory pressure, so we can study the dealer's order decision under the supply chain financial business, so as to reduce the inventory and increase the profit of the enterprise. Supply chain financial confirmation model is a system with multiple complex variables. This paper applies system dynamics to study the influence of order decision on cash flow in confirmed warehouse model. On the basis of relevant theories, taking Fukuda automobile dealer as the research object, combining with the specific flow of dealer confirmation warehouse model, the paper qualitatively analyzes the main factors that affect this model, and constructs the system dynamics model with this factor as variable. The applicability of the model is tested. The model is used to analyze the different ordering strategies under two development strategies: centralized decision and decentralized decision. By comparing the difference of dealer stock, cash stock and supply chain income under two kinds of decision, the influence of dealer stock on cash stock is obtained, and the possibility of dealers choosing different development strategies is demonstrated. Through the change of different indexes, it is concluded that the increase of pledge rate will lead to the decrease of dealer's cash stock. In addition, the change of on-road adjustment time can influence the decision-making of dealer's development, when the on-trip inventory adjusting time is less than 0.6month, The distributor can only choose the development strategy of centralized decision. When the adjusting time of inventory in transit is longer than 0.6month, the dealer can choose the development strategy of centralized and decentralized decision. The innovation of this paper lies in the systematic analysis of the ordering decision of the financing mode of the financial confirmation warehouse in the supply chain through the system dynamics model. The system dynamics model in this paper is aimed at Fukuda auto dealer and takes into account the establishment of key indexes of confirmed warehouse business such as foreclosure margin supply chain income and so on. By applying the system dynamics system to specific enterprises, this paper makes an empirical analysis on the development strategy decision of dealers, the different ordering decision under different strategic decision, and when the decision is carried out.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F274;F426.471;N941.3

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