中国环境规制强度测算及其对产业国际竞争力的影响
发布时间：2018-12-06 15:10
【摘要】：目前世界大多数国家都加强了环境规制，但是各国在规制强度方面存在较大差异，从而引发了人们关于环境规制强度差异是否会对国际竞争力产生消极影响的忧虑，并由此产生了污染避难地假说和波特假说这两种完全相反的观点，上述两种观点分别被不同的实证结果所支持。而产生这种观点上和实证结果上差异的原因，除了考察期间的短期与长期差别外，还有环境规制测度指标选取的差异。现有的环境规制测度指标在准确性、一致性、外生性方面存在缺陷，并成为实证研究领域亟待解决的问题。本文从环境规制强度的指标选择出发，在对国内外实证研究采用的环境规制强度测度指标进行总结、比较、评价的基础上，运用虚拟环境成本法对环境规制强度指标中的传统环境规制强度和环境规制执法强度进行了区分和测度，并从工业总体和具体行业的维度，运用因素分解法分析了两者变化趋势相反的原因。研究发现，传统的环境规制强度测度指标并不能很好地反映我国环境规制强度变化的实际轨迹，我国2000年-2010年传统环境规制强度的下降趋势，在很大程度上可以被归因为工业产业结构的升级，即能源的环境效率和能源的经济效率的提升；与此同时，环境规制执法强度指标相对较好地刻画了中国工业环境规制日益严格的趋势。而对污染密集型产业的传统环境规制强度指标进行因素分解的分析表明，，环境规制执法强度、能源的环境效率和经济效率的作用方向和作用大小存在显著的行业差异。因此在进行环境规制政策制定时需要考虑行业间的这种差异。与传统的政府强制型规制工具相比，市场型规制工具更具优势。 关于环境规制与产业国际竞争力的关系，一直存在着有利论、不利论和综合论三种相互对立的观点。本文基于综合指标评价法对2001年-2010年的产业国际竞争力水平进行了测度，并运用计量分析方法探讨了环境规制执法强度与工业国际竞争力的长期协整关系和格兰杰因果关系。通过构建以环境规制执法强度作为自变量、行业规模和行业污染密度作为控制变量、产业国际竞争力指数作为因变量的多元线性模型进行回归分析，结果表明，尽管我国环境规制与产业国际竞争力是长期协整的，但两者不存在格兰杰因果关系，我国的环境规制并未对产业国际竞争力产生显著的影响。
[Abstract]:At present, most countries in the world have strengthened the environmental regulation, but there are great differences in the intensity of regulation among countries, which has aroused people's concern about whether the differences in the intensity of environmental regulation will have a negative impact on the international competitiveness. Therefore, two completely opposite viewpoints, the pollution-sheltered place hypothesis and the Porter hypothesis, are produced, which are supported by different empirical results. In addition to the short- and long-term differences in the period of investigation, there are also differences in the selection of measurement indicators of environmental regulation. The existing measurement indexes of environmental regulation have defects in accuracy, consistency and externality, and become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of empirical research. Based on the index selection of environmental regulation intensity, this paper summarizes, compares and evaluates the environmental regulation intensity measurement indexes used in empirical research at home and abroad. By using the virtual environment cost method, the paper distinguishes and measures the traditional environmental regulation intensity and the environmental regulation enforcement intensity in the index of the environmental regulation intensity, and measures them from the dimensions of the industry as a whole and the specific industry. Factor decomposition method is used to analyze the reasons for the opposite trend of the two changes. It is found that the traditional measure index of environmental regulation intensity can not well reflect the actual track of the change of environmental regulation intensity in China, and the decreasing trend of traditional environmental regulation intensity in China from 2000 to 2010. To a large extent, it can be attributed to the upgrading of industrial structure, that is, the environmental efficiency of energy and the economic efficiency of energy; At the same time, the index of enforcement intensity of environmental regulation depicts the trend of industrial environmental regulation in China. The factor decomposition analysis of the traditional environmental regulation intensity index of pollution-intensive industries shows that there are significant differences in the direction and magnitude of environmental regulation enforcement intensity, environmental efficiency and economic efficiency of environmental regulation. Therefore, the differences between industries should be taken into account when making environmental regulation policies. Compared with the traditional government compulsory regulation tool, market regulation tool has more advantages. As to the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial international competitiveness, there are three opposing viewpoints: advantage theory, disadvantage theory and synthesis theory. Based on the comprehensive index evaluation method, this paper measures the level of industrial international competitiveness from 2001 to 2010, and discusses the long-term cointegration and Granger causality between the enforcement intensity of environmental regulation and the international competitiveness of industry by means of econometric analysis. By constructing a multivariate linear model with environmental regulation enforcement intensity as independent variable, industry scale and industry pollution density as control variables, and industry international competitiveness index as dependent variable, the results show that, Although China's environmental regulation and industrial international competitiveness are cointegrated for a long time, there is no Granger causality between them, and China's environmental regulation has no significant impact on industrial international competitiveness.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F424.1;F224
[Abstract]:At present, most countries in the world have strengthened the environmental regulation, but there are great differences in the intensity of regulation among countries, which has aroused people's concern about whether the differences in the intensity of environmental regulation will have a negative impact on the international competitiveness. Therefore, two completely opposite viewpoints, the pollution-sheltered place hypothesis and the Porter hypothesis, are produced, which are supported by different empirical results. In addition to the short- and long-term differences in the period of investigation, there are also differences in the selection of measurement indicators of environmental regulation. The existing measurement indexes of environmental regulation have defects in accuracy, consistency and externality, and become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of empirical research. Based on the index selection of environmental regulation intensity, this paper summarizes, compares and evaluates the environmental regulation intensity measurement indexes used in empirical research at home and abroad. By using the virtual environment cost method, the paper distinguishes and measures the traditional environmental regulation intensity and the environmental regulation enforcement intensity in the index of the environmental regulation intensity, and measures them from the dimensions of the industry as a whole and the specific industry. Factor decomposition method is used to analyze the reasons for the opposite trend of the two changes. It is found that the traditional measure index of environmental regulation intensity can not well reflect the actual track of the change of environmental regulation intensity in China, and the decreasing trend of traditional environmental regulation intensity in China from 2000 to 2010. To a large extent, it can be attributed to the upgrading of industrial structure, that is, the environmental efficiency of energy and the economic efficiency of energy; At the same time, the index of enforcement intensity of environmental regulation depicts the trend of industrial environmental regulation in China. The factor decomposition analysis of the traditional environmental regulation intensity index of pollution-intensive industries shows that there are significant differences in the direction and magnitude of environmental regulation enforcement intensity, environmental efficiency and economic efficiency of environmental regulation. Therefore, the differences between industries should be taken into account when making environmental regulation policies. Compared with the traditional government compulsory regulation tool, market regulation tool has more advantages. As to the relationship between environmental regulation and industrial international competitiveness, there are three opposing viewpoints: advantage theory, disadvantage theory and synthesis theory. Based on the comprehensive index evaluation method, this paper measures the level of industrial international competitiveness from 2001 to 2010, and discusses the long-term cointegration and Granger causality between the enforcement intensity of environmental regulation and the international competitiveness of industry by means of econometric analysis. By constructing a multivariate linear model with environmental regulation enforcement intensity as independent variable, industry scale and industry pollution density as control variables, and industry international competitiveness index as dependent variable, the results show that, Although China's environmental regulation and industrial international competitiveness are cointegrated for a long time, there is no Granger causality between them, and China's environmental regulation has no significant impact on industrial international competitiveness.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F424.1;F224
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前10条
1 陈少克;陆跃祥;;建立产业国际竞争力提升指标体系的框架思路[J];商业研究;2012年03期
2 张Z
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