基于发达国家“再工业化”背景下中国制造业发展研究

发布时间：2019-04-13 17:33

【摘要】：从世界经济发展历史来看,高度发达的制造业是国家现代化的基础,制造业竞争实力是一国综合国力的重要体现。在中国现代化进程当中,制造业是中国国民经济增长的重要引擎,是吸纳社会劳动就业、增强科技创新能力的重要载体。在国际金融危机之后,发达国家相继推出以重归实体经济为主要特征的“再工业化”战略。“再工业化”战略从本质上讲,是发达国家转变经济发展模式的过程,是传统优势制造业转型升级的过程,是以新兴产业为主体的产业结构调整过程,是一个持续创新的过程。发达国家相继提出了一系列推动“再工业化”政策措施,这些政策措施起到了积极的效果,并逐步开始对全球经济格局、国际产业转移、国际贸易和国际产业分工产生一定的影响。中国作为一个发展中的制造业大国,其影响是很大的。本文以发达国家掀起的“再工业化”浪潮为背景,较为全面分析了中国制造业所面临的机遇与挑战。从分析的结论来看,挑战大于机遇,困难多于出路。这主要体现在,中国制造业不仅要面对发达国家在高端市场的打压,还要应对东南亚国家在低端市场的侵蚀,中国制造业已经步入艰难境地。如何重塑和巩固中国制造业在国际市场上的竞争优势成为当前中国制造业发展的重要议题,也是本文研究所要探讨的核心问题。本文通过面板数据的分析,认为产业集中度和产业集聚度是影响制造业竞争力最主要的因素,以信息服务业为代表的生产性服务业同样对制造业竞争力有显著的影响,而对于资本或劳动密集型行业来说,国外技术引进比国内技术研发更能提高其竞争力。基于这样的分析结果,本文提出提升我国制造业发展竞争力的对策措施,即：应力主通过推动制造企业并购重组、推进制造业集群式发展、大力发展生产性服务业、促进两化深度融合和加大科研教育投入等方面提升中国制造业竞争力。
[Abstract]:According to the history of world economic development, the highly developed manufacturing industry is the foundation of national modernization, and the competitive power of manufacturing industry is an important embodiment of a country's comprehensive national strength. In the process of China's modernization, manufacturing industry is an important engine of China's national economic growth, is an important carrier to absorb social employment and enhance the ability of scientific and technological innovation. After the international financial crisis, developed countries have put forward the strategy of re-industrialization, which is characterized by the return to the real economy. In essence, the strategy of "re-industrialization" is the process of transforming the economic development mode of developed countries, the process of transformation and upgrading of traditional dominant manufacturing industry, the process of industrial structure adjustment with emerging industries as the main body, and the process of continuous innovation. Developed countries have successively put forward a series of policies and measures to promote "re-industrialization," which have played a positive role, and have gradually begun to move towards the global economic pattern and international industrial transfer. International trade and international industrial division of labor have a certain impact. As a big developing manufacturing country, China has a great influence. Against the background of "re-industrialization" in developed countries, this paper analyzes the opportunities and challenges faced by China's manufacturing industry in an all-round way. From the conclusion of the analysis, the challenge is greater than the opportunity, the difficulty is more than the outlet. This is mainly reflected in the fact that China's manufacturing industry not only has to face the pressure of developed countries in the high-end market, but also to cope with the erosion of Southeast Asian countries in the low-end market, China's manufacturing industry has entered a difficult situation. How to reshape and consolidate the competitive advantage of the Chinese manufacturing industry in the international market has become an important issue in the development of the Chinese manufacturing industry, and it is also the core issue to be discussed in this paper. Through the analysis of panel data, this paper thinks that industrial concentration and industrial concentration are the most important factors affecting the competitiveness of manufacturing industry, and producer services, represented by information service industry, also have a significant impact on the competitiveness of manufacturing industry. For capital or labor-intensive industries, foreign technology introduction is more competitive than domestic technology research and development. Based on the results of this analysis, this paper puts forward the countermeasures to improve the competitiveness of manufacturing industry in our country, that is, by promoting the M & A and reorganization of manufacturing enterprises, promoting the cluster development of manufacturing industry, and vigorously developing producer services, Promote the deep integration of the two and increase investment in scientific research and education to enhance the competitiveness of China's manufacturing industry.
【学位授予单位】：北京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F424

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