粮食直补政策绩效研究：资金效率、政府执行和农民满意度

发布时间：2018-01-23 06:06

本文关键词： 粮食直补政策绩效评价资金效率满意度　出处：《广西大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“洪范八政,食为政首”。对于一个人口规模即将达到十四亿的国家而言,解决好吃饭问题始终是治国理政的头等大事。为了保护农民的种粮利益,调动农民的种粮积极性,让农民愿意种粮,我国从2004年起开始在全国范围内实行粮食直接补贴政策,2006年又逐步配套农业生产资料综合补贴。粮食直补政策通过对种粮农民进行直接补贴,较之过去在粮食的流通、销售环节的补贴方式,具有操作相对简单、高效,贸易扭曲作用小等方面的优点。此后,我国粮食产量实现了从2004年至2015年的“十二连增”。但随着自然、经济、社会环境的改变,我国粮食直补政策效率、效果、执行状况开始备受争议。围绕粮食直补政策所发挥的作用和效果问题,学者们从不同的研究视角出发或采用不同的研究方法,对这一问题进行了大量的研究,得出的结论不尽相同,也仍然存在激烈的争论。本文在这样的背景下尝试研究与评估粮食直补政策绩效,从资金效率、政府执行和农民满意度三个主要维度,实证分析粮食直补政策绩,发现粮食直补政策实施中存在的问题。在研究粮食直补政策绩效的过程中,本文首先通过经济学原理分析了粮食直补政策本身的合理性;在此基础上,进一步采用DEA数据包络分析法基于广西桂平(粮食主产区)和那坡(非粮食主产区)两地粮食直补政策的宏观数据,检验了其资金使用的效率;然后实证调查了两地的基层治理主体和农民对粮食直补政策的态度及评价状况,获取微观层面的数据和案例;最后通过对宏观数据与微观案例进行对比和分析,以求更加深刻、全面地理解和评价我国粮食直补政策的实施现状和发展方向。研究结果表明,我国粮食直补政策的目标设计难以从根本上完全克服粮食供需的内生性缺陷,存在资金使用效率不高、农民满意度综合评价一般、增产增收均未收效、基层政府从乡镇到村委对粮食直补政策意见较大等问题,甚至出现了非粮食主产地区的粮食直补资金使用效率、各方满意度高于粮食主产地区的“尴尬”情形,粮食直补政策的可持续性难以判断。因此,我国的粮食直补政策需要从优化政策目标与政策导向、矫正直补对象、合理化直补依据、整合补贴政策、创新补贴方式、构建动态调整机制等方面进行改进。
[Abstract]:For a country whose population is about to reach 1.4 billion, solving the problem of eating well has always been a top priority in governing the country, in order to protect the farmers' interests in growing grain. To mobilize the enthusiasm of farmers to plant grain, so that farmers are willing to grow grain, since 2004, China began to implement the policy of direct grain subsidies throughout the country. In 2006, the comprehensive subsidies for agricultural means of production were gradually supported. The direct subsidy policy of grain supply through the direct subsidy to grain farmers, compared with the past in the circulation of grain, sales links of subsidies. It has the advantages of relatively simple operation, high efficiency, little trade distortion and so on. Since then, China's grain production has achieved a "12 continuous increase" from 2004 to 2015. But with the nature, the economy. With the change of social environment, the efficiency, effect and implementation of grain direct subsidy policy in our country have become controversial. Scholars from different research perspectives or using different research methods, a large number of research on this issue, the conclusions are different. In this context, this paper tries to study and evaluate the performance of grain direct subsidy policy, from the three main dimensions of capital efficiency, government implementation and farmers' satisfaction. Empirical analysis of grain direct subsidy policy performance, found the implementation of grain direct subsidy policy problems. In the study of grain direct subsidy policy performance process. Firstly, this paper analyzes the rationality of grain direct subsidy policy by economic principle. On this basis, the DEA data envelopment analysis method is further adopted based on the macro data of grain direct subsidy policy between Guangxi Guiping (main grain producing area) and Napo (non-grain producing area). The efficiency of the use of its funds was tested; Then, the author investigates the attitude and evaluation of the grass-roots governance and farmers to the grain direct subsidy policy, and obtains the data and cases at the micro level. Finally, through the comparison and analysis of macro data and micro cases, in order to understand and evaluate the current situation and development direction of grain direct subsidy policy in China, the research results show that. The goal design of grain direct subsidy policy in our country is difficult to overcome the inherent defect of grain supply and demand completely, the fund use efficiency is not high, the comprehensive evaluation of farmers' satisfaction is general, and the increase of production and income is not effective. Grass-roots governments from villages and towns to village committees have bigger opinions on grain direct subsidy policy, and even the use efficiency of grain direct subsidy funds in non-grain main producing areas has appeared, and the satisfaction of all parties is higher than that of grain main production areas. It is difficult to judge the sustainability of grain direct subsidy policy. Therefore, China's grain direct subsidy policy needs to optimize the policy objectives and policy direction, correct the direct subsidy object, rationalize the direct subsidy basis, and integrate the subsidy policy. Innovation subsidy way, build dynamic adjustment mechanism and so on aspect carries on the improvement.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.11;F812.8

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