内蒙古财政支农支出对农牧民收入的影响研究

发布时间：2018-04-02 08:57

本文选题：财政支农支出　切入点：规模　出处：《内蒙古财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：农业是最基础的产业，它的发展与否往往关系到一个国家和地区的国民经济能否持续健康运行，但由于农业又是一个弱质性和正外部性比较明显的产业，因此，在工业化进程中，政府有必要通过财政支持等的方式来保证农业的持续发展，以维护整个国民经济与社会的稳定。内蒙古是以农牧业为主，农牧业对内蒙古来说更是非常重要，无论在农牧民收入还是在各种贡献上都起着举足轻重的作用。发展农业和农村经济，增加农牧民收入一直是内蒙古政府财政工作的重点之一。自1978年实行改革开放以来，虽然居民收入水平不断提高，但同时居民之间收入差距也在不断扩大，，而增加农牧民收入是缩小城乡的收入差距、稳定社会秩序的关键。财政作为宏观调控的手段所投入的资金对于缓解此类瓶颈，继而增加农牧民收入具有重要作用。因此，本选题具有较大的理论和现实意义。本文首先从绝对规模和相对规模视角对内蒙古1978年至2012年财政支农支出规模现状和农牧民收入现状进行分析，得出内蒙古财政支农支出总量不足，这主要表现在财政支农支出占财政总支出的比重不断下降；财政支农支出对农业和农村经济发展的贡献率比较低。其次，通过分析内蒙古财政支农支出的结构特征，发现内蒙古财政支农支出的结构不太合理，这主要表现在农业行政事业费用居高不下、农村基本建设支出不平衡、农业科技三项费用不足等。再次，对内蒙古财政支农支出对农牧民收入的影响进行了实证分析，利用向量自回归模型，通过平稳性检验、协整检验、建立误差修正模型来说明内蒙古财政支农支出与农牧民收入之间的短期和长期波动。而经过研究发现，内蒙古财政支农支出与农牧民收入间存在长期均衡的关系。最后，提出完善内蒙古财政支农支出与农牧民增收的财政政策措施，即加大财政支农力度，确保农牧民收入的稳定增长；优化财政支农支出结构，进一步促进农牧民增收；加强财政支农资金的管理，提高资金使用效率；逐步增长农牧民家庭经营收入；继续实施农牧民直接补贴政策，增加农牧民的政策性收入；提高农牧民素质，突破农牧民增收的瓶颈；积极推进农牧民专业合作组织的发展，增加农牧民产业化经营收入；积极发展民营经济，扩大农牧民的就业空间。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the most basic industry, and its development or not is often related to the sustainable and healthy operation of the national economy of a country or region. However, agriculture is also a weak and positive externality industry, so, In the process of industrialization, it is necessary for the government to ensure the sustainable development of agriculture by means of financial support, so as to maintain the stability of the whole national economy and society. The development of agriculture and rural economy, increasing the income of farmers and herdsmen has always been one of the key points of the financial work of Inner Mongolia government. Since the implementation of the reform and opening up policy in 1978, although the income level of the residents has been continuously increasing, the income gap among the residents has also been widening, and increasing the income of farmers and herdsmen is to narrow the income gap between urban and rural areas. The key to stabilizing the social order is that finance, as a means of macro-control, has an important role in alleviating such bottleneck and increasing the income of farmers and herdsmen. Therefore, this topic is of great theoretical and practical significance. This paper firstly analyzes the scale of fiscal support for agriculture and the income of farmers and herdsmen from 1978 to 2012 in Inner Mongolia from the perspective of absolute scale and relative scale, and draws a conclusion that the total amount of financial support for agriculture in Inner Mongolia is insufficient. This is mainly reflected in the fact that the proportion of financial support for agriculture to the total financial expenditure is declining, and the contribution of fiscal expenditure to agriculture and rural economic development is relatively low. Secondly, through the analysis of the structural characteristics of the fiscal support for agriculture in Inner Mongolia, it is found that the structure of the expenditure on supporting agriculture in Inner Mongolia is not very reasonable, which is mainly reflected in the high cost of agricultural administration and the unbalanced expenditure on rural capital construction. Agricultural science and technology three expenses are insufficient. Thirdly, the paper makes an empirical analysis on the impact of fiscal expenditure on the income of farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia, using the vector autoregressive model, through the stability test, cointegration test. An error correction model is established to illustrate the short-term and long-term fluctuations between the fiscal expenditure for agriculture and the income of farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia, and it is found that there is a long-term equilibrium relationship between the expenditure on supporting agriculture and the income of farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia. Finally, the paper puts forward the fiscal policy measures to improve the expenditure on supporting agriculture and increasing the income of farmers and herdsmen in Inner Mongolia, that is, to increase the financial support for agriculture, to ensure the steady growth of the income of farmers and herdsmen, to optimize the expenditure structure of fiscal support for agriculture, and to further promote the income of farmers and herdsmen. Strengthening the management of financial support funds for agriculture and improving the efficiency of the use of funds; gradually increasing the household operating income of farmers and herdsmen; continuing to implement the policy of direct subsidies for farmers and herdsmen to increase the policy income of farmers and herdsmen; improving the quality of farmers and herdsmen; We should break through the bottleneck of increasing farmers and herdsmen's income; actively promote the development of professional cooperative organizations of farmers and herdsmen to increase the income of farmers and herdsmen industrialization; actively develop the private economy and expand the employment space of farmers and herdsmen.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.45;F323.8

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