基于吴江经验的政府采购监督机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-24 16:39

本文选题：政府采购 + 招标投标　；参考：《西北农林科技大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国,政府的采购试点工作正式始于1996年,到目前也已经出现了近二十个年头。就在2003年,政府官方颁布实施了《中华人民共和国政府采购法》,这对于我国政府采购工作具有里程碑式的意义,因为它宣布着中国的政府内采购工作进入了有法可依的制度化时代。随着中国政府的采购制度的逐步推行,在市场和社会两个层面的效益方面,取得了可喜的成绩。虽然中国在推动政府采购健康发展方面做了大量的工作,然而仍然存在着一系列的问题和不足,监督机制的缺乏又是其中的重中之重。为了进一步推动政府采购公开、公正、公平,提高政府采购透明度,打造“阳光政府”,深化公共财政制度改革,研究政府采购监督机制,对政府部门的采购法律及相关规定予以完善,确保政府采购活动控制在相关法律法规界定的范围内,保障政府采购活动有序开展,实现国家效益和社会效益的最大化,促进中国政府采购健康发展。本人在苏州市吴江区政府采购中心工作,希望通过这次的研究探讨能够找出苏州市吴江区在开展政府采购监督工作时存在的突出问题所在,并在此基础上,针对此课题面临的一些突出问题,提出用于强化政府采购监督机制的有效策略,从而使该地区的人民政府采购工作逐渐走向健康化,正常化,有序化的发展道路。在政府采购中,监督机制一直以来都是作为其中比较重要的一个组成成分,并且在实际的采购工作中扮演着比较重要的角色。而且,为了使政府采购工作越来越规范,我们必须要对此工作的监督机制加以完善,这不仅仅是执政为民的具体体现,也是使此工作在市场经济条件下得到持续,健康,快速发展的必由之路。开展对本课题的研究工作是有极其重要的意义的,其一是使我国在政府采购方面的法律法规中的漏洞能够得以完善,形成一整套的政府采购监督机制,全面监管政府采购工作,从而充分发挥政府采购宏观调控作用,形成公平、规范、有序的市场环境,弥补市场机制缺陷,促进市场资源优化配置。二是完善政府采购监督机制能够有效地增加行贿者和受惠者的犯罪难度和成本,从而压缩了滥用行政权力、寻租腐败、侵害供应商权益等行为的生存空间,保障政府采购在合法合理的区间内健康运行。基于公共支出管理理论、政府干预理论、寻租理论和委托代理理论,结合国内外比较,以吴江区为个案,梳理、总结了中国政府采购过程及其各环节运行中监督机制的特点和问题。就吴江区情况来看政府采购监督机制存在的问题主要有：法律依据不充分,评审专家自由裁量权大,供应商之间存在串标陪标,缺少专业人才及供应商质疑不规范。造成这些问题的原因大体包括：政府采购监督的法律法规不健全,管理与操作职能并未完全分离,政府采购监督权力的行使不够充分,作为政府的采购预算尤其是在监管方面尚不够健全,招投标机制有待加强,采购物品的供货商供应商对待程序监督还不信任,,专业政府的采购人才匮乏。在充分参阅发达国家政府在采购监督方面的经验的基础上,可以得到如下几个方面的建议用以补充修缮我国的采购监督制度的不足：第一,完善政府采购各项新法规、新制度并形成系统化体系,第二,分离管理的智能和操作职能,第三,加强对各监督机关的权利监管,第四,加强政府采购预算的监督,第五,健全招投标机制,第六,完善政府采购监督救济机制,第七,加强主管采购人员的素质建设,第八,建立电子政府采购。
[Abstract]:In China, the government procurement pilot work started officially in 1996 and has also appeared for nearly twenty years. In 2003, the government promulgated and implemented the "People's Republic of China government procurement law", which has a milestone significance for the government procurement work in China, because it announces the entry of Chinese government procurement. With the gradual implementation of the Chinese government's procurement system, with the gradual implementation of the Chinese government procurement system, great achievements have been made in the two levels of market and society. Although China has done a lot of work in promoting the healthy development of government procurement, there are still a series of problems and deficiencies, and the lack of supervision mechanism. In order to further promote public, fair and fair government procurement, improve the transparency of government procurement, create a "sunshine government", deepen the reform of public finance system, study the supervision mechanism of government procurement, improve the procurement law and relevant regulations of government departments, and ensure the control of government procurement activities in the relevant laws. Within the scope of the law, the government procurement activities are guaranteed to be carried out in order to maximize the national and social benefits and promote the healthy development of the Chinese government procurement. I work in the Wujiang district government procurement center in Suzhou. I hope that through this study, the government procurement supervision in Wujiang District of Suzhou city can be found. On the basis of this, on this basis, we put forward some effective strategies to strengthen the supervision mechanism of government procurement, and make the purchasing work of the people's Government in the region gradually towards a healthy, normal and orderly way of development.
In government procurement, the supervision mechanism has always been one of the most important components, and plays a more important role in the actual procurement work. In order to make the government procurement work more and more standardized, we must improve the supervision mechanism of this work, which is not just for the government for the people. It is also the only way to make the work sustained, healthy and rapid development under the market economy. It is of great significance to carry out the research work on this subject. One is that the loopholes in the laws and regulations of government procurement in our country can be finished, and a complete set of government procurement supervision mechanism is formed. Supervision of government procurement, so as to give full play to the macro-control role of government procurement, form a fair, standardized and orderly market environment, make up for the defects of the market mechanism and promote the optimal allocation of market resources. Two, the improvement of the government procurement supervision mechanism can effectively increase the difficulty and cost of the crime of briber and beneficiary, thus compressing the abuse of the bank. Government power, rent seeking corruption, infringement of supplier's rights and interests and other living spaces ensure the healthy operation of government procurement in a reasonable and reasonable range.
Based on the theory of public expenditure management, the theory of government intervention, the theory of rent-seeking and the theory of principal-agent, the characteristics and problems of the supervision mechanism in the process of government procurement and the operation of various links in Wujiang are summarized. The main problems of the government procurement supervision mechanism are as follows: in Wujiang District, the main problems are as follows: The legal basis of the legal basis is not sufficient, the judge's discretion is large, the supplier has the standard of conspiracy between the suppliers and the lack of professional personnel and suppliers. The reasons for these problems include: the laws and regulations of government procurement supervision are not sound, the management and operation functions are not completely separated, and the exercise of government procurement supervision power is not enough to be exercised. Fully, as the government procurement budget is not sound, especially in the supervision, the bidding mechanism needs to be strengthened, the suppliers of purchasing goods are not trusted with the procedure supervision, and the professional government's purchasing talent is scarce. On the basis of fully reading the experience of the developed countries in purchasing supervision, we can get the following Suggestions are used to supplement the deficiencies of our country's procurement supervision system: first, improve the new regulations of government procurement, the new system and the formation of a systematic system, second, the intelligence and operation functions of the separation management, third, strengthen the supervision of the rights of the various supervisory organs, fourth, strengthen the supervision of the government procurement budget, fifth, sound recruitment. Sixth, improve the supervision and relief mechanism of government procurement; seventhly, strengthen the quality of procurement personnel; eighthly, establish e-government procurement.

【学位授予单位】：西北农林科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.45

【参考文献】