所得税成本、财务报告成本和盈余管理

发布时间：2018-04-25 12:38

本文选题：应计项目 + 真实活动　；参考：《华侨大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：现代企业的契约摩擦和信息不对称，使企业管理当局有动机和机会进行盈余管理。我国在2008年施行了企业所得税改革，相关学者的研究证明，我国上市公司在这场所得税改革中发生了规避所得税成本的盈余管理行为，并且在规避所得税成本的同时，权衡了财务报告成本。本文是在我国企业所得税法改革后相对稳定的所得税环境下，对上市公司是否还存在所得税成本动因的盈余管理行为，其在盈余管理方式上是否存在偏好，又是否权衡了财务报告成本等一系列问题进行研究。为研究上述问题，本文选取了2008-2012年A股上市公司作为样本，考察企业所得税法相对稳定后，公司在所得税成本和财务报告成本影响下的盈余管理行为。文章在对相关理论和文献进行梳理后，借鉴Kothari等提出的业绩配比修正的Jones模型和Roychowdhury提出的真实活动盈余管理模型，对盈余管理程度进行计量，以确定上市公司是否存在盈余管理行为；然后，基于公司特征，建立所得税成本、财务报告成本与盈余管理关系的研究模型；最后，根据多元回归分析，检验上市公司是否存在所得税成本动因的盈余管理，是否将所得税成本与财务报告成本进行了权衡。研究结果发现，在企业所得税法相对稳定的情形下：（1）上市公司普遍存在盈余管理行为，并且应计项目与真实活动盈余管理这两种方式均有采用；（2）上市公司采用应计项目和真实活动盈余管理规避所得税成本，存在避税动因的盈余管理行为，且采用真实活动盈余管理的幅度大于应计项目盈余管理；（3）上市公司在盈余管理中权衡了所得税成本和财务报告成本。公司采用应计项目盈余管理进行避税时，权衡了政治成本和资本市场成本；在采用真实活动盈余管理进行避税时，权衡了政治成本、债务契约成本和资本市场成本。并且，在权衡所得税成本与财务报告成本时，公司采用真实活动盈余管理的幅度大于应计项目盈余管理。本文丰富了继2008年企业所得税改革以来避税动因的盈余管理研究，同时，也揭示了我国上市公司当前盈余管理的客观行为及其相应特征。
[Abstract]:The contract friction and information asymmetry of modern enterprises make the management authority have motive and opportunity to manage earnings. The enterprise income tax reform was carried out in China in 2008. The research of relevant scholars proves that the listed companies in our country have evaded the income tax cost in the earnings management behavior, and at the same time, the income tax cost has been avoided. The cost of financial reporting was weighed. Under the relatively stable income tax environment after the reform of the enterprise income tax law in China, this paper is concerned with whether the listed company still has the earnings management behavior of income tax cost driver, and whether there is a preference in the earnings management mode. Whether has weighed the financial report cost and so on a series of questions to carry on the research. In order to study the above problems, this paper selects A-share listed companies from 2008 to 2012 as a sample to investigate the earnings management behavior under the influence of income tax cost and financial reporting cost under the influence of income tax cost and financial reporting cost after the corporate income tax law is relatively stable. After combing the relevant theories and literatures, the paper measures the degree of earnings management by referring to the modified Jones model proposed by Kothari et al and the real activity earnings management model proposed by Roychowdhury. In order to determine whether the listed companies have earnings management behavior; then, based on the characteristics of the company, establish the income tax cost, financial reporting costs and earnings management research model; finally, according to the multiple regression analysis, Whether the listed companies have income tax cost drivers of earnings management, whether income tax costs and financial reporting costs are weighed. The results show that, under the condition that the corporate income tax law is relatively stable, the earnings management behavior of listed companies is widespread. And both accrual items and real activity earnings management are adopted in two ways: accounting items and real activity earnings management, which are used by listed companies to avoid the cost of income tax, and the earnings management behavior with tax avoidance motivation exists, and the listed companies adopt accrual items and real activity earnings management to avoid the income tax cost. Moreover, the range of real earnings management is greater than that of accrual earnings management. The listed companies weigh the cost of income tax and the cost of financial reporting in earnings management. When companies use accrual earnings management to avoid tax, they weigh the political cost and the capital market cost, and the political cost, the debt contract cost and the capital market cost when using the real activity earnings management to avoid tax. Moreover, when we weigh the cost of income tax and the cost of financial reporting, the range of real earnings management is larger than that of accrual earnings management. This paper enriches the research on earnings management of tax avoidance motivation following the reform of enterprise income tax in 2008, and also reveals the objective behavior and corresponding characteristics of earnings management of listed companies in China.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.42;F275

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