财政分权对地区经济增长、环境污染的影响研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 02:23

本文选题：财政分权 + 环境污染　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：改革开放以来,我国经济持续高速增长,人民生活质量、收入水平不断提高。然而随着市场经济和社会体制的不断深化和改革,在经济高速增长的背后,一些矛盾问题也逐渐显露,例如资源消耗过度、生态环境退化、环境污染加剧等环境问题日益凸显。经济增长背后伴随着的是生态环境的日趋恶化,这不仅由我国粗放型的经济增长方式所致,而且还受一些制度因素制约,比如具有中国特色的财政分权制度,在财政分权和政治晋升激励的双重体制下,各地政府一味追求高速的经济增长,忽视对环境质量的保护。本文依据财政分权理论,在环境经济学现有研究的基础上,采用数理分析实证检验的方法,基于财政分权的视角,对112个地级城市分税制改革背景下的地方政府财政行为对生态环境和经济增长影响的问题,进行了全面系统的研究。根据分析结果,我们研究发现以下主要结论:其一,财政分权、工业化水平的提高促进城市经济增长的同时,也会加剧城市环境污染的严重程度;其二,人均GDP与工业SO2排放量和工业废水排放量分别呈倒N型、负相关关系;其三,外资的引入对经济增长的影响并不确定,但能改善环境质量。相应地,本文提出如下建议:第一,改革以GDP为主的官员考核机制,纳入绿色GDP等技术指标;第二,培育城市经济新的增长点,切实转变经济发展方式,实现产业结构升级;第三,构建城市经济增长新优势,优化外资进入结构,充分发挥外资企业进入的环境改善作用。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's economy continues to grow at a high speed, people's quality of life and income level continue to improve. However, with the deepening and reform of market economy and social system, some contradictory problems have been gradually revealed behind the rapid economic growth, such as excessive consumption of resources, degradation of ecological environment, worsening of environmental pollution and so on. Behind the economic growth is the worsening of the ecological environment, which is not only caused by the extensive economic growth mode in our country, but also restricted by some institutional factors, such as the fiscal decentralization system with Chinese characteristics. Under the dual system of fiscal decentralization and political promotion, local governments blindly pursue high-speed economic growth and neglect the protection of environmental quality. Based on the theory of fiscal decentralization, based on the existing research of environmental economics, this paper adopts the method of mathematical analysis and empirical test, based on the perspective of fiscal decentralization. The effects of local government fiscal behavior on ecological environment and economic growth in 112 prefectural cities under the background of tax-sharing reform were studied in a comprehensive and systematic way. According to the analysis results, we found the following main conclusions: first, the fiscal decentralization, the improvement of industrialization level will promote the urban economic growth, but also will aggravate the severity of urban environmental pollution; second, GDP per capita is inversely correlated with industrial SO2 and industrial wastewater emissions. Thirdly, the influence of FDI on economic growth is uncertain, but it can improve the environmental quality. Accordingly, this paper puts forward the following suggestions: first, to reform the official assessment mechanism based on GDP, including green GDP and other technical indicators; second, to cultivate the new growth point of urban economy, to change the mode of economic development, and to realize the upgrading of industrial structure; Third, we should construct new advantages of urban economic growth, optimize the structure of foreign capital entry, and give full play to the environmental improvement role of foreign capital enterprises.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X196;F127;F812.2

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