耕地保护优先序省际差异及跨区域财政转移机制——基于耕地生态足迹与生态服务价值的实证分析

发布时间：2018-05-19 09:23

本文选题：耕地保护 + 经济补偿　；参考：《中国人口·资源与环境》2015年08期

【摘要】：耕地资源具有强烈的外部性,其所产生的生态效益在我国整个生态系统的维护中发挥着巨大的作用。然而,随着城镇化进程的不断加快,具有公共物品属性的耕地资源的保护形势越来越严峻,构建耕地保护经济补偿机制,调动耕地保护主体的积极性必须引起足够的重视。其中,补偿款的确定是构建耕地保护经济补偿机制的关键环节。本文以耕地生态承载力供需关系为切入点,采用生态足迹模型,并结合耕地保护经济补偿优先序,将我国31个省级行政单位划分为耕地赤字区、耕地平衡区、耕地盈余区,确定了耕地保护补偿面积;并在此基础上,以单位面积耕地的非市场价值为补偿标准,测算了各区域的耕地保护经济补偿转移支付额。结果表明:1全国共有6个耕地赤字区、7个耕地平衡区、18个耕地盈余区。26个支付区的支付款总计405.290亿元,其中,赤字量最大的上海市需要支付高达130.703亿元的补偿款;18个受偿区的受偿款总计207.286亿元,其中,盈余面积最大的黑龙江省可以获取高达28.737亿元的补偿款。3转移支付行为具有一定的现实可操作性,各支付区的支付额占当年地方财政收入的比例较低,约为1.5%-6.8%,均在政府可承受的范围之内。研究成果能为均衡我国各地区的发展提供依据,对于我国耕地保护的实施也具有重要的现实意义。
[Abstract]:Cultivated land resource has a strong externality and the ecological benefits it produces play a great role in the maintenance of the whole ecosystem of our country. However, with the accelerating process of urbanization, the situation of cultivated land resources protection with the attribute of public goods is becoming more and more serious, so it is necessary to pay enough attention to the construction of economic compensation mechanism for cultivated land protection and to mobilize the enthusiasm of the main body of cultivated land protection. Among them, the determination of compensation is the key link to construct the economic compensation mechanism of cultivated land protection. Taking the relationship between supply and demand of cultivated land ecological carrying capacity as the breakthrough point, adopting ecological footprint model and combining the priority order of economic compensation for cultivated land protection, 31 provincial administrative units in China are divided into cultivated land deficit area, cultivated land balance area and cultivated land surplus area. The compensation area of cultivated land protection is determined, and on this basis, the amount of economic compensation transfer payment for cultivated land protection in each region is calculated with the non-market value of cultivated land per unit area as the compensation standard. The results show that there are 6 arable land deficit areas, 7 arable land balance areas, 18 cultivated land surplus areas in the whole country. The payments of 26 payment areas amount to 40.529 billion yuan, of which, Shanghai, the city with the largest deficit, has to pay up to 13.0703 billion yuan in compensation; in 18 compensated areas, the total amount of compensation is 20.7286 billion yuan, of which, Heilongjiang Province, which has the largest surplus area, can obtain up to 2.8737 billion yuan of compensation. 3. The transfer payment behavior has certain practical maneuverability. The payment amount of each payment area accounts for a low proportion of the local financial revenue in that year. About 1.5 to 6.8, are within the limits of the government. The research results can provide the basis for balancing the development of various regions in China, and also have important practical significance for the implementation of cultivated land protection in China.
【作者单位】：华中农业大学土地管理学院;武汉市土地储备中心城市发展分中心;
【基金】：教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“建立城乡统一的建设用地市场研究”(编号:14JZD009) 国家自然科学基金项目“国土空间管制下土地非均衡发展及空间外部性扩散机理与区域协调发展政策研究”(编号:71373095) 湖北省高校优秀中青年科技创新团队(编号:T201012)
【分类号】：F323.211;F812.45

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