新疆民生支出的收入分配效应研究

发布时间：2018-06-10 05:31

本文选题：民生支出 + 收入分配　；参考：《新疆财经大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来，新疆经济迅速发展，人民生活水平不断提高，但收入差距却不断拉大。1978年新疆城乡人均绝对收入差距200元，而2012年城乡人均绝对差距11527元，三十多年间城乡收入差距扩大了57.635倍。收入分配差距过大将会带来一系列经济问题和社会问题。为此，中央及各级政府部门应当高度重视收入分配公平问题。政府利用税收杠杆从高收入者手中获得收入，然后通过财政支出转移给低收入者，实现社会分配的公平。在财政支出过程中，通过扩大支出规模，优化支出结构，合理配置资源，有利于实现财政支出效益最大化。民生支出是财政支出的重要构成部分，也是公共财政的本质的体现，研究民生支出对于改善人民生活更具有针对性。因此，通过实证分析新疆民生支出的收入分配效应的分析对于“缩小收入差距，实现社会公平”这一宏观目标具有重要的理论意义和现实意义。本文基于以上考虑，共分五个部分，借鉴其他学者的研究，通过实证模型分析民生支出对收入分配的影响。第一部分简述了研究背景、意义、方法、框架、重点、创新点；第二部分首先明确民生支出概念，介绍收入分配基础理论，引出民生支出对收入分配的作用机理；第三部分根据目前新疆收入现状，分析城乡间、区域间的收入差距以及发展趋势；第四部分，，从民生支出规模和结构两个方面进行实证分析，通过STR模型分析民生支出规模对收入差距的影响，研究当下的阶段新疆民生投入规模上升空间，通过灰色关联模型测度民生支出结构对城乡收入差距、农村居民收入和城镇居民收入的影响程度；第五部分，根据实证分析得出新疆民生支出对收入分配的影响效应结论，并提出与缩小收入差距，实现社会公平目标相应的财政对策建议。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the economy of Xinjiang has developed rapidly and the standard of living of the people has been continuously improved, but the income gap has been widening. In 1978, the gap between urban and rural per capita absolute income in Xinjiang was 200 yuan, while in 2012, the absolute gap between urban and rural per capita was 11527 yuan. The income gap between urban and rural areas has widened by 57.635 times in more than 30 years. Excessive income distribution gap will bring a series of economic and social problems. To this end, the central and government departments at all levels should attach great importance to the issue of income distribution equity. The government takes advantage of the tax lever to obtain income from the high income earners and then transfers it to the low income group through fiscal expenditure to realize the fairness of social distribution. In the process of fiscal expenditure, it is beneficial to maximize the benefit of fiscal expenditure by expanding the scale of expenditure, optimizing the structure of expenditure and allocating resources rationally. People's livelihood expenditure is an important component of financial expenditure, and it is also the embodiment of the essence of public finance. Therefore, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to analyze the income distribution effect of people's livelihood expenditure in Xinjiang for the macro goal of "narrowing the income gap and realizing social equity". It is divided into five parts to analyze the influence of people's livelihood expenditure on income distribution through empirical model. The first part briefly describes the research background, significance, method, framework, emphasis, innovation; the second part defines the concept of people's livelihood expenditure, introduces the basic theory of income distribution, and leads to the mechanism of the livelihood expenditure on income distribution. The third part, according to the current income situation in Xinjiang, analyzes the income gap and development trend between urban and rural areas, the fourth part, from the two aspects of the scale and structure of people's livelihood expenditure empirical analysis, Through STR model to analyze the impact of people's livelihood expenditure scale on income gap, study the current stage of Xinjiang people's livelihood investment scale rising space, through gray correlation model to measure the urban and rural income gap of the structure of expenditure on people's livelihood. The fifth part, according to the empirical analysis, draws the conclusion that the Xinjiang people's livelihood expenditure affects the income distribution, and puts forward and reduces the income gap. The corresponding financial countermeasures and suggestions to realize the goal of social equity.
【学位授予单位】：新疆财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F124.7;F812.45

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