城市公共交通财政补贴测算及优先发展对策研究

发布时间：2018-07-01 16:12

本文选题：城市公交 + 财政补贴　；参考：《长安大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会经济的增长，我国的城市化进程不断加快，城市交通问题凸显，同时，人们对于出行的要求越来越高，为了解决城市交通问题，城市公共交通得到了包括财政补贴在内的很多支持，然而由于政府与公交企业间的信息不对称，公交财政补贴运用效率难以保证，在此基础上，公共交通财政补贴的科学测算显得尤为重要。城市公共交通在提供较为舒适的服务的同时要保持低票价，客源不足的情况下继续进行运营，充分体现了其公益性，政府对其政策性亏损进行补贴，此外，在财政补贴测算时还要充分考虑对于公交企业成本节约、服务提升的激励，在此基础上，本文对公交企业财政补贴测算及优先发展对策进行研究，首先界定了公交财政补贴及优先发展对策的相关理论，广泛借鉴国内外城市开展公共交通的做法，总结政府关于公用交通的补贴方法，选择目前全国运用比较好的成本规制进行测算研究。论文通过深圳开展成本规制的实践，提出了基于成本规制的城市公共交通财政补贴分类测算，按照规制成本，加上一定的激励因素，各类加总得出补贴总额，，使城市公共交通财政补贴有了较为科学的依据，可以有效提高财政补贴资金的使用效率，同时，针对目前国家对城市公共交通优先发展的重视，提出了规划优先、经济支持、用地保障为主的城市公共交通优先发展对策，对于系统性的解决城市交通问题提供了一定的理论基础和实践指导。
[Abstract]:With the growth of social economy, the urbanization process of our country is speeding up, the urban traffic problem is prominent, at the same time, people's demand for travel is more and more high, in order to solve the urban traffic problem, Urban public transport has received a lot of support, including financial subsidies. However, due to the information asymmetry between the government and public transport enterprises, it is difficult to ensure the efficiency of the use of public transport subsidies. The scientific calculation of public transport subsidy is particularly important. Urban public transport should maintain low fares while providing more comfortable services, and continue to operate under the condition of insufficient passenger resources, which fully reflects its public welfare, and the government subsidizes its policy losses, in addition, In the calculation of financial subsidies, we should consider the incentive of cost saving and service promotion of public transport enterprises. On this basis, this paper studies the calculation of financial subsidies and preferential development countermeasures of public transport enterprises. First of all, it defines the relevant theories of public transport financial subsidy and preferential development countermeasures, draws lessons from the practice of public transportation in cities at home and abroad, and summarizes the subsidy methods of the government on public transportation. Select the current use of better cost regulation to measure the study. Through the practice of cost regulation in Shenzhen, the paper puts forward the classification and calculation of financial subsidies for urban public transport based on cost regulation. According to the cost of regulation, plus certain incentive factors, all kinds of total amount of subsidies are obtained. The financial subsidy of urban public transport has a more scientific basis, which can effectively improve the efficiency of the use of financial subsidy funds. At the same time, in view of the current national emphasis on the priority development of urban public transport, this paper puts forward the priority of planning and economic support. The priority development strategy of urban public transportation, which is based on land security, provides a theoretical basis and practical guidance for the systematic solution of urban traffic problems.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.45;U491.17

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