我国各地区财政支出结构的统计分析
发布时间：2018-08-19 17:58
【摘要】：自改革开放以来，尤其我国建立了市场经济体制之后，国家财政的支出结构逐步调整变革使得我国财政体制的改革已经取得显著的成效，对财政体制改革的重点是改革财政分配关系，包括改革中央和地方政府之间的分配关系。对地方财政的改革既是我国财政体制改革的重要目标，又是我国社会主义市场经济改革的重要组成部分。因此，应将调整和优化财政支出问题放在重要的位置。财政改革、发展调整和优化财政支出结构将成为一项在一定时期面临的重要任务。把考察支出历史变动作为起点，分析我国财政支出结构中可能存在的问题，总结并推行积极的财政政策，通过系统准确的分析中国主要的大中型城市的财政支出结构和城市区域发展的影响因素，将对城市经济的可持续发展提供理论性的指导和建议。 本文研究的数据参考《中国统计年鉴2011》中的第八部分：财政。全国省市自治区(不包含香港、澳门、台湾地区)总共31个城市，针对这31个城市列出13项财政支出指标，本文即对这31个城市的经济指标进行研究。 本文使用的实验方法是回归分析、主成分分析、主成分聚类和协整分析。 (1)回归分析是一种确定呈依存关系的变量定向关系的统计方法，具有广泛应用价值。根据自变量与因变量之间的关系划分，，将回归分析分为一元和多元线性回归分析。 (2)主成分分析是一种通过将多个相关性的变量化为少量个数综合变量的一种统计分析方法。 (3)主成分聚类的思想是对样本主成分分析，再对提取的主成分进行聚类分析，计算主成分综合得分对各个城市进行综合排名进而对城市发展进行综合评价。 (4)协整分析。两时间序列具有协整关系，必须满足时间序列变量是平稳均衡的关系，才可对平稳均衡的变量进行协整检验。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, especially after the establishment of a market economy system in China, the gradual adjustment and transformation of the expenditure structure of the state finance has made remarkable achievements in the reform of the financial system in our country. The emphasis of the reform of the fiscal system is to reform the financial distribution relationship, including the distribution relationship between the central and local governments. The reform of local finance is not only the important goal of our country's financial system reform, but also the important part of our socialist market economy reform. Therefore, the adjustment and optimization of fiscal expenditure should be placed in an important position. Fiscal reform, development, adjustment and optimization of fiscal expenditure structure will become an important task in a certain period. Taking the historical changes of expenditure as the starting point, this paper analyzes the problems that may exist in the structure of fiscal expenditure in China, summarizes and carries out positive fiscal policies. Through the systematic and accurate analysis of the financial expenditure structure of major large and medium-sized cities in China and the factors affecting the development of urban areas, it will provide theoretical guidance and suggestions for the sustainable development of urban economy. The data of this paper refer to the eighth part of the Chinese Statistical Yearbook 2011: finance. There are 31 cities in the whole country (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). In view of these 31 cities, 13 fiscal expenditure indexes are listed. In this paper, the economic indicators of these 31 cities are studied. The experimental methods used in this paper are regression analysis, principal component clustering and cointegration analysis. (1) regression analysis is a statistical method for determining the directional relationship of dependent variables, which has wide application value. According to the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables, The regression analysis is divided into univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis. (2) Principal component analysis (PCA) is a statistical analysis method by converting multiple correlated variables into a small number of complex variables. The idea of clustering is to analyze the principal components of samples. Then the extracted principal components are analyzed by cluster analysis, and the synthetic scores of principal components are calculated to rank each city synthetically. (4) Co-integration analysis. The two time series have cointegration relation, so we must satisfy that the time series variables are stationary equilibrium, then we can test the stable equilibrium variables.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.45
本文编号：2192398
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, especially after the establishment of a market economy system in China, the gradual adjustment and transformation of the expenditure structure of the state finance has made remarkable achievements in the reform of the financial system in our country. The emphasis of the reform of the fiscal system is to reform the financial distribution relationship, including the distribution relationship between the central and local governments. The reform of local finance is not only the important goal of our country's financial system reform, but also the important part of our socialist market economy reform. Therefore, the adjustment and optimization of fiscal expenditure should be placed in an important position. Fiscal reform, development, adjustment and optimization of fiscal expenditure structure will become an important task in a certain period. Taking the historical changes of expenditure as the starting point, this paper analyzes the problems that may exist in the structure of fiscal expenditure in China, summarizes and carries out positive fiscal policies. Through the systematic and accurate analysis of the financial expenditure structure of major large and medium-sized cities in China and the factors affecting the development of urban areas, it will provide theoretical guidance and suggestions for the sustainable development of urban economy. The data of this paper refer to the eighth part of the Chinese Statistical Yearbook 2011: finance. There are 31 cities in the whole country (excluding Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan). In view of these 31 cities, 13 fiscal expenditure indexes are listed. In this paper, the economic indicators of these 31 cities are studied. The experimental methods used in this paper are regression analysis, principal component clustering and cointegration analysis. (1) regression analysis is a statistical method for determining the directional relationship of dependent variables, which has wide application value. According to the relationship between independent variables and dependent variables, The regression analysis is divided into univariate and multivariate linear regression analysis. (2) Principal component analysis (PCA) is a statistical analysis method by converting multiple correlated variables into a small number of complex variables. The idea of clustering is to analyze the principal components of samples. Then the extracted principal components are analyzed by cluster analysis, and the synthetic scores of principal components are calculated to rank each city synthetically. (4) Co-integration analysis. The two time series have cointegration relation, so we must satisfy that the time series variables are stationary equilibrium, then we can test the stable equilibrium variables.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.45
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