契约网络下政府投资建设项目利益相关者共同治理途径研究

发布时间：2018-11-09 14:37

【摘要】：政府投资建设项目在推动我国国民经济增长、改善民生条件以及促进社会和谐方面起到了重要作用。然而，在政府投资建设项目中却有很多“失控”现象。从利益相关者角度，政府投资建设项目“失控”现象的根源在于利益相关者之间的利益冲突，因此，对利益冲突进行有效的控制，将有利于减少或消除“失控”现象，改善项目绩效。针对政府投资建设项目中利益冲突问题，技术层面上的管理方法很难很好的解决。对此，本文从共同治理的角度，探讨了解决利益相关者利益冲突的具体治理途径。共同治理旨在使每个利益相关者都能充分参与到项目治理中，平等分配项目组织中的责、权、利进行安排，提高项目的治理效率。围绕上述问题，本文主要运用了理论分析、博弈分析、数学建模等方法进行研究，主要研究内容如下： 1.分析了政府投资建设项目的契约特征，指出政府投资建设项目是利益相关者通过契约关系形成的契约网络。这其中包括对契约网络节点，即政府投资建设项目利益相关者，以及契约网络关系的界定。尤其指出应从宏观角度对利益相关者之间的契约关系进行把握，包括显性、隐性和关系契约。 2.对契约网络中利益相关者进行识别与分类。首先，给出了具体识别方法，从项目建设过程各个阶段以及各阶段主要工作内容两个维度对利益相关者进行识别。其次，从利益相关者参与项目的主动性、对项目的影响程度以及自身的利益性三个维度对识别出来的利益相关者进行分类。 3.研究了利益相关者利益诉求以及冲突，认为利益冲突的出现是由于利益相关者利益诉求的不对等以及契约条款对利益分配的不合理，并利用博弈论对利益相关者利益诉求以及冲突进行分析，指出利益诉求的不对等将导致利益相关者非合作状态产生，从而对建设项目造成影响。 4.研究了群决策作为利益相关者共同治理的途径。该途径首先对参与群决的利益相关者进行选择以保证群决策的效率与正确率；其次，让参与群决策的利益相关者根据自身利益诉求对备选决策方案进行偏好排序；最后，将个人偏好排序集中为群偏好排序，从而确定决策方案。利益相关者群决策作为共同治理的一种途径，其主要目的是赋予利益相关者一定的决策权，使其主动参与到项目决策中，并在决策中表达自身的利益诉求。利益相关者群决策将有助于提高政府投资建设项目决策的正确性，均衡利益相关者之间的利益诉求，协调利益相关者之间的利益冲突，，减少政府投资建设项目“失控”现象的产生，提高建设项目绩效。
[Abstract]:Government investment projects play an important role in promoting national economic growth, improving people's livelihood and promoting social harmony. However, there are a lot of "out of control" phenomena in government investment and construction projects. From the perspective of stakeholders, the root of the phenomenon of "out of control" of government investment and construction projects lies in the conflicts of interest among stakeholders. Therefore, effective control of conflicts of interest will help to reduce or eliminate the phenomenon of "out of control". Improve project performance. It is difficult to solve the problem of conflict of interest in government investment projects. From the point of view of common governance, this paper discusses the specific ways to solve the conflicts of interests of stakeholders. The goal of common governance is to make every stakeholder participate fully in project governance, distribute the responsibilities, rights and interests of project organization equally, and improve the efficiency of project governance. Around the above problems, this paper mainly uses the theoretical analysis, game analysis, mathematical modeling and other methods to study, the main research contents are as follows: 1. This paper analyzes the contractual characteristics of government investment construction projects and points out that government investment construction projects are contract networks formed by stakeholders through contract relationships. This includes the definition of contract network node, that is, stakeholders of government investment and construction project, and contract network relationship. In particular, it is pointed out that the contractual relationship among stakeholders should be grasped from a macro perspective, including explicit, implicit and relational contracts. 2. The stakeholders in contract network are identified and classified. Firstly, a specific identification method is given, which identifies the stakeholders from two dimensions: each stage of the project construction process and the main work content of each stage. Secondly, from the stakeholders' initiative to participate in the project, the impact of the project and their own interests of the three dimensions to identify stakeholders to classify. 3. This paper studies the interest demands and conflicts of stakeholders, and points out that the emergence of interest conflicts is due to the unequal interest demands of stakeholders and the unreasonable distribution of interests under contract terms. By using the game theory to analyze the stakeholders' interest demands and conflicts, it is pointed out that the unequal interest demands will lead to the non-cooperative state of the stakeholders, which will have an impact on the construction projects. 4. This paper studies the approach of group decision making as the common governance of stakeholders. Firstly, the stakeholders involved in group decision are selected to ensure the efficiency and accuracy of group decision, secondly, the stakeholders who participate in group decision make preference ranking according to their own interests. Finally, the individual preference ranking is concentrated into group preference order, and then the decision scheme is determined. As a way of common governance, the main purpose of stakeholder group decision making is to give stakeholders certain decision-making power, to actively participate in project decision-making, and to express their own interests in decision-making. Stakeholder group decision-making will help to improve the correctness of government investment and construction project decisions, balance the interests of stakeholders, and coordinate the conflicts of interests among stakeholders. Reduce the "out of control" phenomenon of government investment in construction projects, improve the performance of construction projects.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.45;F283

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