论我国加入GPA的国有企业问题

发布时间：2018-12-14 00:52

【摘要】：我国从2007年递交第一份出价清单,正式开启加入GPA的旅程。在我国加入GPA的过程中,政府采购主体范围一直是争议的焦点,而其中国有企业问题尤其复杂。我国的国有企业数量非常庞杂,类型多样,其与政府的关系错综复杂。在我国提交的五份出价清单中都没有涉及国有企业纳入GPA问题。然而欧盟、美国等成员国对我国国有企业纳入GPA提出了很高的期望,希望中国能够扩大政府采购主体范围,尤其是将国有企业纳入GPA。这意味着双方还要在以后的协商谈判过程中就国有企业问题展开深入的谈判。为此,我们应该就国有企业纳入GPA问题展开深入讨论,为我国国有企业纳入GPA做好充分的准备工作。导论部分主要是关于我国加入GPA的一些背景介绍,主要内容是GPA的概念、性质以及其成员国的基本情况。第一部分主要分析了我国加入GPA过程中提交的出价清单,并详细介绍了国内对于国有企业纳入GPA的态度。目前,国内对于国有企业纳入政府采购主体范围问题主要有两种观点：支持和反对。支持者认为,国有企业纳入GPA是国有企业深化改革的必然要求,是走出国内走向世界的契机。反对者认为,目前我国的国有企业整体实力相对较弱,在国际采购过程中,更多的是扮演配角的角色。如果贸然开放国有企业,有可能对我国经济造成很大的冲击。对于以上观点,我们还需要从我国的基本国情出发,进行深入的探讨分析。第二部分主要是关于国际政府采购法律制度的具体规定介绍以及GPA中关于政府采购主体的详细分析。GPA没有具体规定政府采购的含义,从而导致各国出价清单相差较大。采购主体的确定一方面是通过各成员国承诺,另一方面是通过GPA的两个标准,政府目的标准和政府控制或影响标准。但是这两个标准具有很强的主观性,本文试图通过一些具体的衡量标准将其细化,从而缩小采购主体纳入范围。第三部分主要介绍了代表性的GPA成员国关于国有企业的出价。这部分主要介绍了西方和东方一些代表性国家关于国有企业纳入出价清单的情况,希望通过比较分析,结合我国的具体情况,为我国的国有企业纳入GPA问题提供参考。第四部分主要介绍了我国国有企业的具体情况,以及我国国有企业纳入GPA的合理性。我国的国有企业按照出资额的不同可以分为国有独资企业、国有独资公司、国有控股公司三个类型。本文在以前固有的分类方法上,创立两元三态分类法对国有企业进行分类,从另一个角度对国有企业纳入GPA问题进行分析。这种分类可以使国有企业与政府之间的关系呈现的更加清晰。第五部分主要介绍了我国的国有企业纳入GPA的方案。在第五部分,本文通过建立适当的筛选标准以及选择适当的出价方式,缩小国有企业纳入GPA范围,使我国的出价清单更加清晰明了。
[Abstract]:China has submitted its first bid list since 2007, officially starting the journey to join GPA. In the process of China's entry into GPA, the scope of government procurement subject has always been the focus of controversy, and the problem of state-owned enterprises is especially complex. The number of state-owned enterprises in China is very complicated and the relationship between them and the government is complicated. None of the five bids submitted by our country deals with the incorporation of state-owned enterprises (SOEs) into GPA. However, the European Union, the United States and other member countries have put forward high expectations for the incorporation of Chinese state-owned enterprises into the GPA, hoping that China can expand the scope of government procurement, especially the incorporation of state-owned enterprises into the GPA.. This means further negotiations on state-owned enterprises in future negotiations. Therefore, we should make a thorough discussion on the incorporation of state-owned enterprises into GPA, and make sufficient preparations for China's state-owned enterprises to bring GPA into China. The introduction is mainly about the background of China's entry into GPA. The main content is the concept, nature and basic situation of GPA. The first part mainly analyzes the bidding list submitted in the process of China's entry into GPA, and introduces in detail the domestic attitude towards the incorporation of GPA into state-owned enterprises. At present, there are two main points of view: support and opposition to the state-owned enterprises into the scope of government procurement. Supporters believe that the incorporation of state-owned enterprises into the GPA is an inevitable requirement for deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises and an opportunity to go out of the country to the world. Opponents believe that the overall strength of China's state-owned enterprises is relatively weak, in the international procurement process, more play a supporting role. If open state-owned enterprises rashly, it may have a great impact on our economy. For the above views, we also need to proceed from the basic conditions of our country, in-depth analysis. The second part is mainly about the specific provisions of the international government procurement legal system and the detailed analysis of the main body of government procurement in GPA. The GPA does not specify the meaning of government procurement, which leads to the difference of bid list between countries. On the one hand, the main body of procurement is determined by the commitment of each member country, on the other hand, through the two standards of GPA, the standard of governmental purpose and the standard of government control or influence. But these two standards have strong subjectivity, this paper tries to refine them through some specific measurement standards, so as to narrow down the scope of the main body of procurement. The third part mainly introduces the bid of the representative GPA member state-owned enterprise. This part mainly introduces the situation of some representative countries in the west and the east about the state-owned enterprises being included in the bidding list, hoping to provide a reference for the state-owned enterprises to join the GPA through the comparative analysis and the concrete situation of our country. The fourth part mainly introduces the concrete situation of our country's state-owned enterprises and the rationality of our country's state-owned enterprises into GPA. The state-owned enterprises in China can be divided into three types according to the amount of their contributions: wholly state-owned enterprises, wholly state-owned companies and state-owned holding companies. In this paper, on the basis of the original classification method, the binary and three-state classification method is established to classify the state-owned enterprises, and from another angle to analyze the problem of bringing the state-owned enterprises into GPA. This classification can make the relationship between state-owned enterprises and the government more clear. The fifth part mainly introduces the scheme of our country's state-owned enterprises into GPA. In the fifth part, by establishing appropriate screening criteria and selecting appropriate bidding methods, this paper reduces the scope of state-owned enterprises into GPA, and makes the bidding list of our country clearer and clearer.
【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F812.45;F276.1

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