税收激励真的能促进企业创新吗？

发布时间：2019-01-02 07:30

【摘要】：创新对于民族进步和国家兴旺的作用日益凸显。作为创新的关键源泉之一,研发活动是企业竞争和可持续发展的重要驱动力。但研发活动具有很大的风险,具有较强的外部性,其成果具有公共品特征,这些特征均阻碍了企业积极地从事研发活动、实现社会所期望的技术创新水平。这种情况下,作为政府宏观政策工具,税收激励是更为长期、高效和内生的激励措施,在鼓励扶持企业创新过程中当大有可为。然而,税收激励对于企业自主创新及创新产出的激励效果如何?是政府政策制定者和实施者所关注的问题,也是学术研究的热点话题。为此,本文借鉴国内外学者的研究成果,运用相关经济理论,以融资约束为视角,结合产权异质性,探究了税收激励政策对创新投入及其激励效应的影响。研究发现,税收激励促进企业创新投入,同时缓解融资约束对企业创新的负面影响；考虑到代理成本,地方国有代理成本较为严重,税收激励对地方国有企业的创新无显著影响,民营企业代理问题较轻,税收激励对创新的激励作用得到最大发挥。进一步研究发现,税收激励与企业创新绩效正相关,同时缓解融资约束对创新绩效的负面影响；地方国有企业代理问题严重,使得税收激励对地方国有企业的创新绩效无显著影响,在代理问题较轻的民营企业中税收激励效应得到最大发挥。基于上述研究结论,从提升企业创新能力和改善企业融资环境角度,提出加强政策支持力度,营造良好融资环境、提高研发信息披露水平,规范研发资金管理标准和完善税收制度,采取差异化税收模式的政策建议。
[Abstract]:Innovation plays an increasingly important role in national progress and national prosperity. As one of the key sources of innovation, R & D is an important driving force for enterprise competition and sustainable development. However, R & D activities have great risks, strong externalities, and their achievements have the characteristics of public goods. These characteristics have hindered enterprises from actively engaging in R & D activities and realizing the level of technological innovation expected by the society. In this case, as a macro policy tool of the government, tax incentive is a long-term, efficient and endogenous incentive measure, which can be used in the process of encouraging and supporting enterprise innovation. However, what is the incentive effect of tax incentives on enterprises' independent innovation and innovation output? Government policy makers and implementers are concerned about the issue, but also a hot topic of academic research. For this reason, this article draws lessons from the domestic and foreign scholars' research results, uses the related economic theory, takes the financing constraint as the angle of view, unifies the property right heterogeneity, has probed into the tax incentive policy to the innovation investment and its incentive effect influence. It is found that tax incentives promote enterprise innovation investment and at the same time alleviate the negative impact of financing constraints on enterprise innovation. Considering agency cost, local state-owned agency cost is more serious, tax incentive has no significant influence on innovation of local state-owned enterprise, private enterprise has less agency problem, and tax incentive has the best effect on innovation. Further research shows that tax incentives are positively related to enterprise innovation performance, while the negative impact of financing constraints on innovation performance is alleviated. The agency problem of local state-owned enterprises is serious, which makes the tax incentive have no significant influence on the innovation performance of local state-owned enterprises, and the tax incentive effect is maximized in the private enterprises with less agency problem. Based on the above conclusions, from the point of view of enhancing the innovation ability of enterprises and improving the financing environment of enterprises, this paper proposes to strengthen policy support, create a good financing environment, and improve the level of R & D information disclosure. Standardize R & D fund management standard and perfect tax system, adopt the policy suggestion of differentiated tax model.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F273.1;F812.42

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