新疆农机购置补贴政策实施绩效评估

发布时间：2019-04-22 08:33

【摘要】：我国农机购置补贴政策从2004年开始实施，在政策的推动下，农业机械化水平取得飞速发展，但同时，农机化环境不断变化，补贴政策实施中暴露出了诸多问题，农机购置补贴政策实施效果，已经受到了广泛的关注。新疆土地面积广阔，农机化发展潜力巨大，农机补贴资金是全国较多的省份之一，新疆农机购置补贴政策实施绩效情况有较强的代表性。因此，分析评估新疆农机购置补贴政策实施绩效，对于深化农机补贴政策有重要的现实指导作用，同时丰富了农机购置补贴政策的理论研究。本文在整理分析大量数据资料的基础上，，首先分析我国农机购置补贴实施现状，包括政策的内容、实施效果以及存在的问题等。其次，分析新疆农机补贴实施现状，具体包括应用二元回归模型计算财政投入对农民购机投入的带动效应；采用城乡收入比倍率、农民收入增长弹性和农民收入相对增长弹性三个指标，分析农机购置补贴对农民增收的影响；研究粮食单产、播种面积、粮食总产量三个指标和农机补贴的关联性，进而说明补贴对新疆粮食增产的影响等。再次，从微观视角评估新疆农机购置补贴实施效果，包括基于Probit模型，分析新疆农户购机意愿、购机行为和购机诱致性的影响因素；应用灰色关联度法，探讨新疆农户对补贴工作的满意情况。最后，从宏观视角分析政策实施效果在新疆的区域差异。得出以下结论：（1）从工业反哺农业视角看，我国政府有能力在未来保持并增加农机补贴资金。（2）新疆财政补贴总额每增长10%，带动农民个人投入增长4.12%；在2003、2005、2009、2010年新疆农民年收入有绝对意义上的增长，城乡居民的收入差距在缩小；农机购置补贴数量与农业生产规模正相关，与粮食单产不相关。（3）微观研究发现，农户农机购置意愿正向因素包括，农户文化水平、家庭纯收入、农业生产规模、农机使用经验、对补贴政策的认知以及农户融资容易程度；农户农机补贴资金获得正向影响因素包括，包括农户身体健康、农户文化水平、家庭纯收入、农业生产规模、对补贴政策的认知以及农户融资容易；农机补贴政策对农户购机诱致性有正向影响作用的因素包括，农户身体健康状况和农业生产规模；农机质量最能影响农户对农机补贴工作的满意度。（4）因子分析法计算结果显示，新疆农机购置补贴政策实施效果在北疆、东疆“先抑后扬”，在南疆不显著。基于研究结论，本文提出以下对策建议：（1）补贴方式采用财政和金融并举；（2）加强农机人才培养和人才引进；（3）保障农业机械产品质量安全；（4）构建立足全产业链的农机补贴；（5）农机补贴实施差异化。
[Abstract]:China's agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy began to be implemented in 2004. Under the promotion of the policy, the level of agricultural mechanization has achieved rapid development, but at the same time, the environment of agricultural mechanization has been constantly changing, and many problems have been exposed in the implementation of the subsidy policy. The effect of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy has been widely concerned. Xinjiang has a vast land area and great potential for agricultural mechanization development. Agricultural machinery subsidy fund is one of the more provinces in the country, and the performance of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy in Xinjiang is more representative. Therefore, the analysis and evaluation of the performance of the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy in Xinjiang has an important practical guiding role in deepening the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy, at the same time, it enriches the theoretical research of the agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy. Based on the analysis of a large number of data, this paper first analyzes the current situation of the implementation of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy in China, including the contents of the policy, the effect of implementation and the existing problems. Secondly, this paper analyzes the current situation of agricultural machinery subsidy implementation in Xinjiang, including the application of binary regression model to calculate the driving effect of financial input on farmers' purchase machine investment; Using the ratio of urban and rural income, farmers' income growth elasticity and farmers' relative income growth elasticity, this paper analyzes the impact of farm machinery purchase subsidy on farmers' income increase. The relationship between grain yield per unit yield, sown area, total grain yield and agricultural machinery subsidies was studied, and then the effect of subsidies on grain production in Xinjiang was explained. Thirdly, the effect of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy in Xinjiang is evaluated from the microcosmic perspective, including the influence factors of farmers' purchase intention, behavior and inductivity based on Probit model. The grey correlation degree method is applied to discuss the satisfaction of farmers in Xinjiang with the subsidy work. Finally, from the macro perspective analysis of the regional differences in the implementation of policy in Xinjiang. The following conclusions are drawn: (1) from the perspective of industry-fed agriculture, the Chinese government has the ability to maintain and increase funds for agricultural machinery subsidies in the future. (2) every 10% increase in the total financial subsidies in Xinjiang, Driving the increase of farmers' individual input by 4.12%; In 2003, 2005, 2009 and 2010, the annual income of farmers in Xinjiang increased in absolute sense, and the income gap between urban and rural residents was narrowing; The quantity of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy is positively related to the scale of agricultural production, but not to the unit grain yield. (3) the micro-research shows that the positive factors of farmers' willingness to purchase agricultural machinery include farmers' cultural level, household net income, and agricultural production scale. Experience in the use of agricultural machinery, understanding of subsidy policies and farmers' ease of financing; The positive influencing factors include the farmer's health, the farmer's cultural level, the family's net income, the scale of agricultural production, the cognition of the subsidy policy and the ease of farmers' financing. The factors that have a positive effect on the inductivity of agricultural machinery subsidy policy include: the health status of farmers and the scale of agricultural production; The quality of agricultural machinery can affect farmers' satisfaction with the work of agricultural machinery subsidy most. (4) the result of factor analysis shows that the effect of agricultural machinery purchase subsidy policy in Xinjiang is in the north of Xinjiang, in the east of Xinjiang, "first restrain and then raise", but it is not significant in the south of Xinjiang. Based on the research conclusion, this paper puts forward the following countermeasures and suggestions: (1) adopting both finance and finance, (2) strengthening the cultivation and introduction of agricultural machinery talents, (3) ensuring the quality and safety of agricultural machinery products, (2) strengthening the cultivation and introduction of agricultural machinery talents, (4) construct agricultural machinery subsidy based on the whole industry chain; (5) implement differentiation of agricultural machinery subsidy.
【学位授予单位】：新疆农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F323.3;F812.8

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