基于MVC架构的电费管理系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-15 23:03

本文关键词：基于MVC架构的电费管理系统的设计与实现　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：电能是国家生产、人民生活的重要能量供应。小到电视电话这样的个人日常生活用电，大到国家工业生产、科学研究，，都离不开电能供应。改革开放以来，随着人民生活品质提高，国家经济发展技术进步，电能供应的重要性愈发提高。相比其他能源，电能具有转化灵活，传输快捷，低污染的特点。近年来，随着全球能源的减少和社会生产对能源需求的迫切程度日益加深,我国政府也提出了加快建设资源节约型、环境友好型社会的方针，节能减排成为了热点话题。在这个大形势下，电力行业将在新时期扮演更加重要的角色。电网公司是负责电力输送和营销的市场主体，主要职能是电力传输和电力营销。电网公司是电力生产部门与电力消费部门中间的纽带，是电力供应链条中至关重要的一个环节。电费资金是供电企业的主要收入来源，对电力系统运营至关重要，是电力系统的血液。长期以来，电费管理采取的是“抄表-核算-收费”模式，即由抄表员入户抄表，用户用电信息统一集中到核算中心核算后，得到用户应缴电费，再由收费员上门收取电费。这种管理模式存在若干弊端，在近年来尤为突出。首先，电量用户数量的不断增加，使得抄表员无法胜任这种以人工方式挨家挨户上门抄表的模式。其次，繁杂的人工环节和操作过程，不可避免出现差错，造成用户或者电网公司的损失。电费拖欠问题由来已久，一直未找到有效的解决途径，这对我国电力企业的发展来说是一个重大阻碍。针对传统电费管理模式的不足，本文拟结合计算机技术，互联网技术和数据库技术，设计和实现一个过程自动化、数据统一化的电费管理系统，实现电费信息的统一管理，费用自动核算，电费报表自动生成的功能。分层结构是软件工程领域发展出来的一个重要的思想，对软件的构建、维护等各个生命阶段都有极大的好处。首先，分层能够降低模块间的耦合关系。在定义好各个层次。间的接口后，各个模块就能够独立开发。当需求发生变化时，只需要对相应的模块进行升级，而不需要影响到其他的模块。在软件迭代过程当中，由于各模块之间是松耦合结构，当一个模块发生改变后，并不影响其他模块的稳定性，这能够为软件带来极高的稳定性。本文对基于MVC架构的电费管理系统进行了深入研究。从系统设计原则，技术特性，具体实现等方面对该系统进行探讨，并主要完成了以下几个方面的工作： 1.研究电费管理的主要流程。研究现有人工电费管理机制下“抄表-核算-收费”模式的业务流程，目的是提取该业务中的数据实体及其关键处理流程，为建立软件需求分析提供良好的指导。 2.研究MVC框架的特性和关键技术。(1)对MVC架构的历史背景，成功案例等进行概要的综述。(2)对实现MVC的编程架构，主要是基于Struct，Spring和Hibernat（eSSH）的编程框架及主要技术进行深入研究和讨论，制定适合系统实现的编程框架。 3.建立了“基于MVC的电费管理系统”的系统需求分析。需求分析分别主要包括以下几个方面的内容：运行方式，主要包括操作人员对软件运行的软硬件环境的需求，以方便实际使用为目的，提取适合实际电费管理工作的软硬件环境需求。软件角色分析，根据电费管理系统流程制定与系统交互的用户角色。用例分析，根据不同角色，对各个角色与软件系统的交互行为进行定义，提取出不同的用例。在定义好用户与系统的功能界限后，对系统进行功能划分，并对各个子系统的工作流程，并发时序进行定义，给出系统的概要设计。 4.实现了“基于MVC的电费管理系统”，在概要设计的基础上，对各个子系统的业务详细流程和数据结构进行定义，给出伪代码级别的详细设计。使用JAVA编程语言，实现各个子系统功能，并提供友好的用户界面。该系统能够实现电费管理中的人员管理、抄表任务分配、电表数据录入、自动核算、收款记录等功能。能够满足实际应用的需求。此外，该系统采用成熟的轻量级的Java开发框架进行开发，具有良好的可移植性、扩展性和鲁棒性，具有一定的实用和推广价值。
[Abstract]:Electric power is the national important energy production, the supply of people's lives. Small television and telephone daily personal life like electricity, large national industrial production, scientific research, all cannot do without the power supply. Since the reform and opening up, along with the improvement of the people's life quality, the development of the national economy and technology progress, the importance of electric energy supply increasingly improved. Compared with other energy sources, power conversion with flexible, fast transmission, low pollution. In recent years, with the global energy reduction and social production urgency demand for energy is growing, the Chinese government also proposed to accelerate the construction of resource-saving and environment-friendly society policy, energy-saving emission reduction has become a hot spot topic. In this situation, the power industry will play a more important role in the new period.
Power Grid Corp is the main body responsible for power transmission and marketing. Its main functions are power transmission and power marketing. Power Grid Corp is the link between the electric power production department and the electricity consumption department, and it is a crucial link in the power supply chain.
Electricity is the main source of income funds for power enterprises, power system operation is very important, is the power system of blood. For a long time, electricity management is taking the "reading - Accounting - charging mode, namely meter reading meter reading, power centralized accounting center accounting information to users, users should pay the electricity bill, again the door from the toll charge. This management mode has some disadvantages, especially in recent years. First, increasing the power of the number of users, the meter reader is not capable of this kind of mode to manual meter reading from door to door. Secondly, artificial links and complicated operation process, the inevitable errors caused by the user, or the loss of Power Grid Corp. Electricity arrears of long-standing, have not found an effective way, which is a major obstacle to the development of China's power enterprises.
Aiming at the shortcomings of traditional electricity management mode, this paper combines computer technology, Internet technology and database technology, design and implementation of a process automation, electricity management system data unification, unified management of electricity information, the automatic cost accounting, electricity report automatic generation function.
The hierarchical structure is an important idea of software engineering development, the construction of software maintenance, etc. in various stages of life have great advantages. First, stratification can decrease the coupling relationship between modules. In the definition of a good interface between each layer. After each module can be independently developed. When demand change when, only need to upgrade the corresponding module, without affecting the other modules in the software. The iterative process, because each module is loose coupling structure, when a module is changed, does not affect the stability of other modules, which can provide high stability for the software.
In this paper, the electricity charge management system based on MVC architecture is deeply researched. The system is discussed from the aspects of system design principles, technical characteristics and specific implementation.
1., we study the main process of electricity tariff management. We study the business process of the "meter reading accounting charging" mode under the existing electricity tariff management mechanism, the purpose is to extract data entities in the business and its key processing flow, so as to provide good guidance for building software requirement analysis.
The characteristics and key technology research of MVC framework. 2. (1) of the MVC architecture and historical background, review summary of successful cases. (2) to achieve MVC programming framework, which is based on the Struct, Spring and Hibernat (eSSH) programming framework and main technology in-depth research and discussion, making programming framework for the realization of the system.
3. established the system demand analysis of electricity management system based on MVC. The demand analysis mainly includes the following aspects: operation mode, including the operator of the software operation of the hardware and software environment, to facilitate the actual use for the purpose of hardware and software requirements management extraction suitable for practical electricity. The role of software analysis, according to the electricity management system development process and system interactive user roles. Use case analysis, according to the different roles of defining the interaction behavior of various roles and the software system, to extract different cases. In the functional boundaries defined user and system after analyzing the system, and each subsystem the work flow, the definition of concurrent timing, outline design of system is given.
4. to achieve the "electricity management system based on MVC", on the basis of the outline design, the definition of the various subsystems of the business process and data structure, the detailed design gives the pseudo code level. The use of JAVA programming language, to achieve the various subsystems function, and provides a friendly user interface.
The system can realize the management of personnel management in the electricity meter reading meter, task allocation, data entry, automatic accounting, payment records and other functions. It can satisfy the practical application requirements. In addition, the Java development framework of the system using the mature lightweight development, good portability, scalability and robustness, has a certain the practical and promotional value.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TP311.52

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