媒体表达侵害公共秩序的主要类型及其规制

发布时间：2018-05-06 02:22

  本文选题：公共秩序 + 媒体表达　； 参考：《河北大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：谣言,虚假商业宣传与虚假金融(证券)信息,涉民族(种族)、宗教歧视(或仇恨)言论,伪医疗、伪保健信息等四类信息的媒体表达,往往侵害公共秩序。本研究详细梳理了前述四类媒体表达的具体表现,并主要从法律视角入手分别对四类媒体表达规制中的重要问题进行了系统分析。谣言往往侵害公共安宁,需要依法规制。适用刑法规制谣言要恪守谣言入罪的三条标准,即:信息虚假;故意(编造);造成现实危害。同时,用来规制谣言的具体法律条款要符合基本法理。诽谤罪、寻衅滋事罪的适用,在某种程度上超出了其所保护法益的边界,应该设置煽动扰乱公共秩序(骚乱)罪来取代相关罪名的适用。《广告法》对虚假广告的规制作出了详细规定。虚假代言人广告泛滥的主要原因是监管出现疏漏,消费者的监督能促使相关责任主体的行为向法律回归;竞价排名属于广告是国际常识,在我国也不存在法理困境,应通过严格执法来遏制其危害;事件营销型炒作适用“非法经营罪”规制存在一定的法理困境,应将其纳入广告法规制范畴。另外,我国立法倾向于严格管控证券信息的传播。国际社会对民族(种族)歧视或仇恨言论的法律规制,在理念上是有共识的,在立法及司法实践中却存在较大差异;“亵渎宗教”类媒体表达的规制,则带有强烈的文化特色,不同文化背景的国家在规制途径上存在重大差异。在我国,在保护少数民族风俗习惯不受媒体表达侵害问题上,相关立法是比较完善的;但我国无法立法禁止媒体“亵渎”宗教,这与宗教世俗化、文化化等因素有重要关系,也是《宪法》第36条的必然要求。舆论调节和媒体自律也是规制相关媒体表达之危害的重要途径。媒体要通过坚守专业理想和提升专业素养来有效遏制伪医疗、伪保健类媒体表达的危害;要通过完善信息公开制度、改进突发事件信息发布策略等途径有效遏制谣言;要在媒体自律领域给予宗教充分尊重,杜绝无底线的“亵渎”等。
[Abstract]:Rumors, false commercial propaganda and false financial (securities) information, ethnic (racial) discrimination (or hate) speech, false medical treatment, false health care information and other four kinds of information media expression, often infringe on public order. This study combs the specific performance of the four types of media expression in detail, and mainly analyzes the important issues in the regulation of the four types of media expression from the perspective of law. Rumors often encroach on public peace and need to be regulated according to law. According to the criminal law, we should strictly abide by the three standards of rumor conviction, namely: false information; intentional (fabricating; causing realistic harm). At the same time, the specific legal provisions used to regulate rumors should conform to basic legal principles. The application of the crime of libel, the crime of provoking trouble, to a certain extent, beyond the boundaries of the benefits of its protection, The crime of inciting and disturbing public order (disturbance) should be set to replace the application of related offenses. The regulation of false advertisement is regulated in detail by the Advertising Law. The main reason for the spread of false advertising is oversight oversight, consumer supervision can promote the behavior of the responsible subjects to return to the law; bidding ranking is an international common sense, there is no legal dilemma in our country. It is necessary to contain its harm by strictly enforcing the law, and it is necessary to bring it into the scope of regulation of advertising law because there is a legal dilemma in applying the regulation of "illegal operation crime" in the event marketing speculation. In addition, China's legislation tends to strictly control the dissemination of securities information. The international community's legal regulation of ethnic (racial) discrimination or hate speech has a consensus in concept, but there are great differences in legislation and judicial practice, while the regulation of "blasphemy" media has strong cultural characteristics. Countries with different cultural backgrounds have significant differences in regulatory approaches. In our country, the relevant legislation is relatively perfect in protecting the customs and habits of ethnic minorities from being infringed on by the media, but our country cannot legislate to prohibit the media from "profane" religion, which has important relations with the secularization and culturalization of religion, etc. It is also a necessary requirement of Article 36 of the Constitution. The regulation of public opinion and media self-discipline is also an important way to regulate the harm of media expression. The media should effectively contain the false medical treatment and the harm of the pseudo-health media expression by adhering to the professional ideal and promoting the professional accomplishment, and effectively curb the rumors by perfecting the information disclosure system and improving the information release strategy of emergencies. We should give full respect to religion in the field of media self-discipline and put an end to blasphemy.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：G206
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本文编号：1850357