我国中央企业自主创新能力研究

发布时间：2018-05-09 11:18

本文选题：中央企业 + 自主创新能力　；参考：《哈尔滨理工大学》2015年博士论文

【摘要】：建设创新型国家和转变经济发展方式的外在推动,以及提高企业自身竞争力的内在需求,都要求企业将提高创新能力作为发展的重要任务。为实现这一目标,建设以企业为主体的创新体系是关键,发挥企业创新的核心作用将会有效带动行业和国家整体创新能力的提升。中央企业处于关系国计民生和国民经济命脉的关键行业,承担着保障和提高民生质量的重任,因其特殊的地位和承担的社会经济责任,更应在自主创新上有所作为。本文在分析企业自主创新、企业自主创新评价、企业创新能力提升路径等研究成果基础上,对我国中央企业自主创新现状进行分析,为了简化问题的分析,从中央企业研发经费、创新人员等方面进行投入分析,从申请和授权专利、国家科技创新奖励等方面进行产出分析,对中央企业自主创新获得的主要成就进行了总结,同时对中央企业自主创新存在的问题进行了分析。论文将企业创新能力分为技术创新、制度创新、管理创能力、市场创新、产品创新等众多内容。技术创新能力是企业内所有创新能力的核心。企业的竞争优势主要依靠技术创新来实现,技术创新能力为企业带来了超额利润和技术,而这恰恰是制度创新和管理创新的物质基础。制度创新能力和管理创新能力又限制技术创新能力,制度创新能力为技术创新能力提供了动力和激励机制。在分析企业创新的内外部因素影响基础上,对于中央企业自主创新的内外部动力机制进行分析,并对中央企业自主创新强度与企业规模的关联性进行了分析,以中央企业上市子公司为样本,重点研究中央企业创新投入强度与企业规模之间的关系。构建了基本计量模型,使用最小二乘法对横截面数据进行分析,通过观察解释变量的Pearson相关系数矩阵来避免多重共线性问题,对模型进行White检验。得出的建议是将企业规模控制在合理的范围之内,企业拥有高赢利能力、市场竞争力强,才能使企业更加愿意进行自主创新。论文在中央企业自主创新能力分析的基础上,以创新投入能力、创新营销能力、创新管理能力、创新产出能力等测量维度构建了中央企业自主创新能力评价指标体系。对中央企业及上市子公司的自主创新的技术效率进行描述性分析,经过比较选择了数据包络分析(DEA)方法和超效率DEA模型对央企子公司自主对创新效率进行评价,选择主成分分析方法对中央企业的创新绩效进行测量和评价,并与中央企业自主创新效率进行比较,从而对中央企业自主创新能力状况进行多角度的剖析,进一步确认了现阶段中央企业自主创新的特点,为下一步构建更完善的自主创新体系和提高自主创新能力路径选择提供依据。中央企业创新体系是中央企业内部、中央企业之间以及中央企业与外部环境的各个行为主体相互连接、相互作用而构成的网络体系。只有通过各个部分的创新相结合,才能使其创新体系总体功能最大化,因而必须保证各个创新方面的协调和互动。论文在对中央企业自主创新体系的内涵和特征进行了分析,对于自主创新体系的内外层环境进行了分析,构建了中央企业自主创新体系的框架,对创新框架从横向和纵向架构两个维度进行了分析,并从国家层面、企业层面的制度建设保证进行了研究,提出了中央企业自主创新体系的内部机制建设。根据文献分析和案例研究对企业自主创新动力机制进行探索性研究,给出了中央企业提升自主创新能力的路径选择。论文进行的提高中央企业自主创新能力提升路径研究,可以使中央企业能够正确认识自身在国民经济建设中所应承担的特殊社会责任,以及自主创新绩效情况,可为我国中央企业管理部门制定促进中央企业自主创新提供有效的决策依据与方法支持,对于我国通过企业自主创新来实现转变经济发展方式具有重要的理论指导意义和现实应用价值。
[Abstract]:To build an innovative country and to transform the external economic development mode and to improve the internal demand of the enterprise's own competitiveness, the enterprise will be required to improve the innovation ability as an important task for the development. In order to achieve this goal, the key to the construction of the innovation system based on the enterprise is to bring the core role of enterprise innovation into play. The central enterprise is in the key industry which is related to the national economy and the people's livelihood and the lifeblood of the national economy. The central enterprise is responsible for ensuring and improving the quality of the people's livelihood. Because of its special status and social and economic responsibility, it should be done more in independent innovation. In this paper, the independent innovation of enterprises and the autonomy of enterprises are analyzed in this paper. On the basis of the research achievements of innovation evaluation and the promotion path of enterprise innovation ability, this paper analyzes the status of the independent innovation of China's central enterprises, in order to simplify the analysis of the problems, analyze the investment from the central enterprises' R & D funds, innovators and so on, and analyze the output from the application and authorization patents, and the national scientific and technological innovation awards, and so on. The main achievements of the independent innovation obtained by the central enterprises are summarized, and the problems of the independent innovation of the central enterprises are analyzed. The paper divides the enterprise innovation ability into technical innovation, system innovation, management creation, market innovation, product innovation and so on. The competitive advantage of the industry is mainly realized by technological innovation. The technological innovation ability brings the excess profit and technology to the enterprise, and this is the material basis of the system innovation and management innovation. The system innovation ability and the management innovation ability also restrict the technological innovation ability, and the system innovation ability provides the motivation and incentive for the technological innovation ability. On the basis of the analysis of the internal and external factors of the enterprise innovation, the internal and external dynamic mechanism of the independent innovation of the central enterprise is analyzed, and the relationship between the independent innovation strength of the central enterprise and the scale of the enterprise is analyzed. The central enterprise listed subsidiary is taken as the sample, focusing on the research of the innovation input intensity and enterprise of the central enterprise. The basic measurement model is constructed. The cross section data is analyzed using the least square method. The Pearson correlation coefficient matrix of the explanatory variables is observed to avoid multiple collinearity problems. The White test is carried out on the model. The suggestion is that the enterprise scale is controlled within a reasonable range, and the enterprise owns Gao Yingli. Ability and strong market competitiveness can make the enterprise more willing to carry out independent innovation. Based on the analysis of the independent innovation ability of the central enterprise, the paper constructs the evaluation index system of the independent innovation ability of the central enterprise with the measurement dimensions of innovation input capability, innovation marketing ability, innovation management ability and innovation output capability. The technical efficiency of the independent innovation of the listed subsidiary is descriptive analysis. After comparing the data envelopment analysis (DEA) method and the super efficiency DEA model, the central enterprise's independent innovation efficiency is evaluated, the principal component analysis method is selected to measure and evaluate the innovation performance of the central enterprise, and the independent innovation of the central enterprise is made. The efficiency is compared, thus the independent innovation ability of the central enterprise is analyzed in many angles, and the characteristics of the independent innovation of the central enterprises at the present stage are further confirmed, and the basis for building a more perfect independent innovation system and improving the path selection of independent innovation ability is provided for the next step. The central enterprise innovation system is the internal of the central enterprise. The network system between the central enterprises and the various actors of the central enterprise and the external environment is connected and interacted with each other. Only through the combination of the innovation of various parts can the overall function of the innovation system be maximized and the coordination and interaction of the innovation aspects must be guaranteed. The connotation and characteristics of the system are analyzed, the internal and external environment of the independent innovation system is analyzed, the framework of the independent innovation system of the central enterprise is constructed, the two dimensions of the innovation framework are analyzed from the horizontal and vertical structures, and the system construction guarantee of the enterprise level is studied from the national level and the enterprise level, and the center is put forward. The internal mechanism construction of the independent innovation system of the enterprise. Based on the literature analysis and case study, this paper makes an exploratory study on the dynamic mechanism of the independent innovation of the enterprise, and gives the path choice for the central enterprise to improve its independent innovation ability. The research on improving the independent innovation ability of the central enterprise can make the central enterprise correct. Recognizing the special social responsibility that should be undertaken in the construction of national economy and the performance of independent innovation can provide the effective decision basis and method support for the central enterprise management department to promote the independent innovation of the central enterprise. It is important for our country to realize the transformation of the economic development mode through the independent innovation of the enterprises. The theoretical guiding significance and practical application value.

【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：F273.1;F276.1

【参考文献】