金砖国家一般服务支持政策比较研究

发布时间：2019-02-12 13:38

【摘要】：金砖国家(巴西、俄罗斯、印度、中国和南非)农业的持续发展离不开各国政府一般服务的支持。本文结合金砖国家各国国情和发展目标,基于文献和互联网信息,采用最新标准计算金砖国家的一般服务支持估计值(GSSE)和全部农业支持估计值(TSE),对金砖国家农业一般服务支持内容、一般服务支持规模和一般服务支持结构进行了系统分析,研究发现,金砖国家中只有南非的GSSE绝对值和相对值均较高,其对农产品生产和消费的个体决策影响程度较低,农产品贸易扭曲程度低,且南非的一般服务支持政策结构也较为合理,值得中国学习和借鉴。中国在公共储备费用方面的支持过高,应降低公共储备费用支持力度,提升农业知识创新、检验与控制政策的支持,继续保持对基础设施维护与发展的支持,不断提升中国水文基础设施和仓储、营销和其他基础设施、机构基础设施和农场改建的水平,提升中国农产品市场竞争力,发展中国农业产业。
[Abstract]:The sustainable development of agriculture in the BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) cannot be sustained without the support of general government services. Based on the national conditions and development objectives of BRICS countries, this paper uses the latest standard to calculate the estimated value of general service support (GSSE) and total agricultural support (TSE),) of BRICS countries based on literature and Internet information. This paper makes a systematic analysis of the agricultural general service support content, the scale of general service support and the structure of general service support in BRICS countries. It is found that only South Africa has a higher absolute and relative value of GSSE in BRICS countries. The degree of its influence on the individual decision making of agricultural products production and consumption is low, the degree of trade distortion of agricultural products is low, and the structure of general service support policy in South Africa is more reasonable, which is worthy of China to learn and learn from. China's support for public reserves is too high. It is necessary to reduce support for public reserve costs, improve agricultural knowledge innovation, test and control policies, and continue to support infrastructure maintenance and development. China's hydrological infrastructure and storage, marketing and other infrastructure, institutional infrastructure and farm reconstruction will be continuously upgraded to enhance the market competitiveness of China's agricultural products and to develop China's agricultural industry.
【作者单位】：中国农业科学院农业信息研究所;农业部农业信息服务技术重点实验室;
【基金】：农业部国际合作项目“金砖国家农业信息比较研究” 中国农业科学院科技创新工程项目农业生产管理数字化技术创新团队(任务书编号:CAAS-ASTIP-2015-AII-02) 农业部2016年创新人才项目“主要农产品市场监测预警关键技术研究”
【分类号】：F313

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