竞争激励的消极作用

发布时间：2018-10-15 11:11

【摘要】：当前国内不少组织的领导者和管理者热衷于利用甚至制造内部竞争来激励组织成员。本文论证指出 ,组织内部的竞争虽然能在一定的程度上产生正向和负向激励 ,但其消极作用却远大于积极作用。内部竞争的消极作用主要表现为 :1、内部竞争会导致组织中成员之间 ,以及团体和部门之间对抗、摩擦和冲突的增加 ,从而使组织内部的合作性和凝聚力降低。 2、内部竞争会导致组织整体生产力或效率下降。 3、激烈的内部竞争会导致组织中人际关系紧张 ,组织成员心理压力增大 ,心理健康水平下降 ,个体创造力降低和个体的健康发展受阻。 4、激烈的内部竞争会导致组织成员整体道德水平的下降。文章指出 ,好的激励应当是人的内在需要的满足 ,是人们一种自觉自愿、心情愉快舒畅、积极主动的工作状态 ,而不是一种被迫的行为状态。竞争不是人的内在需要 ,故竞争激励不是一种好的激励手段。明智的管理者应当尽量选择非竞争性激励手段 ,并尽可能避免或减少组织内部成员间的相互竞争
[Abstract]:At present, many leaders and managers of domestic organizations are keen to use or even create internal competition to motivate their members. This paper points out that although the competition within the organization can produce positive and negative incentives to a certain extent, its negative effect is far greater than the positive one. The negative effects of internal competition are as follows: 1. Internal competition will lead to the increase of confrontation, friction and conflict among the members of the organization, as well as between groups and departments, thus reducing the cooperation and cohesion within the organization. 2, internal competition will lead to the overall productivity or efficiency of the organization decline. 3. The intense internal competition will lead to the tension of interpersonal relationship, the increase of psychological pressure, the decrease of mental health level, the decrease of individual creativity and the hindrance of individual's healthy development. 4, the fierce internal competition will lead to the decline of the overall moral level of the members of the organization. The paper points out that good motivation should be the satisfaction of people's inner needs, and it is a kind of voluntary, happy and active working state, not a forced behavior state. Competition is not an intrinsic need, so competitive motivation is not a good incentive. Wise managers should choose non-competitive incentives as far as possible and avoid or minimize competition among members of the organization as much as possible
【作者单位】：西南民族大学管理学院西南民族大学管理学院
【分类号】：C936

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