超越公共政策的共识追求

发布时间：2018-01-20 01:55

本文关键词： 共识差异承认政策工具　出处：《学海》2016年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：现代社会中的政策是基于共识而形成,也是以共识的形式体现出来的。在近代以来的中心—边缘治理结构中,无论是通过代议制的运行而聚合出共识,还是通过科学化的因果推理而得出共识,共识的达成都是受到精英的主导和操控。这样,共识往往体现的是精英的意志,基于共识而生成的政策因而远离了公共利益,成为精英管理社会的工具。当社会发展到具有高度差异化与个性化的历史阶段,所谓的"共识"愈来愈无法包容社会的普遍利益了,个体差异凸显并要求在政策中体现出来,精英无法继续主导共识的达成以及政策过程,政策也不再是精英意志实现的工具了。对差异的尊重被放在了首位,共识就是在差异的在场中达成。在多元行动中生成的政策摆脱了狭隘的工具理性的解释,被赋予了道德的内涵,政策的实施也促成了社会中德治的发生。
[Abstract]:In modern society, the policy is based on consensus and is also reflected in the form of consensus. In the center-edge governance structure since modern times, consensus is gathered through the operation of representative system. Or through scientific causal reasoning to reach a consensus, the consensus of Chengdu is dominated and manipulated by the elite. In this way, consensus often reflects the will of the elite. The policy based on consensus is far away from the public interest and becomes a tool for elite management of society. When the society develops to a historical stage with highly differentiated and individualized. The so-called "consensus" is increasingly unable to accommodate the general interests of society, individual differences are highlighted and required to be reflected in policy, and the elite cannot continue to dominate the consensus and the policy process. Policy is no longer a tool for the realization of elitist will. Respect for differences has been put first, consensus is reached in the presence of differences. The policy generated in pluralistic actions is free from narrow explanation of instrumental rationality. Being endowed with moral connotation, the implementation of the policy also contributed to the occurrence of the rule of virtue in society.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学公共管理学院;南京大学政治学流动站;
【基金】：江苏高校哲学社会科学研究重点项目“协同治理视域下江苏省农民生态权利保障研究”(项目号:2015ZDIXM014) 国家社科基金项目“中国特色政务诚信体系建设研究”(项目号:13BZZ045)、国家社科基金重点项目(项目号:15AZZ012) 江苏服务型政府建设研究基地项目(项目号:AE89372&AE15001_21)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D035
【正文快照】： 工业社会中政策是通过代议制的路径而生成的,代议制将普遍性的利益聚合成共识,并将共识转化为政策。基于共识而制定的政策被视为是普遍性利益的代表,因而具有了合法性。但是在中心—边缘的社会结构中,共识的达成实际上是受到精英的主导的,所谓的共识往往只是精英的意志而已。

【相似文献】