人口老龄化背景下西藏城镇居民养老保障制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 09:47

本文关键词： 人口老龄化城镇养老养老保障制度现状建议　出处：《西藏大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：人口老龄化是目前全人类社会所共同面临的人口发展趋势。进入现代社会后,快速的经济发展使得人民生活水平不断提高,预期的寿命也不断增加,伴随而来的便是人口老龄化问题的出现。现代社会越来越多的国家进入老龄化,使得全球各个国家对人口老龄化问题始终保持着高度持续的关注。老龄化是人类发展过程中不可回避的自然规律,虽然老龄化的出现在一定程度上也代表着社会进步,但它同样也带来很多问题,例如给养老保障带来一定的压力,对于现在的社会而言已成为困扰世界各国尤其是发展中国家的一个难题。纵观国内的养老保障,西藏的城镇养老保障制度的建立和完善直接关系到西藏城镇居民的现在以及将来的生活质量,妥善处理好西藏老年人的生活各项保障,是西藏自治区各级政府的重要任务,养老保障机制的好坏也直接影响到西藏自治区的经济持续发展以及和谐社会的构建。西藏“十二五”发展规划纲要在构建覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系这一小节中也着重提及了相关的内容:“建立健全城镇居民基本养老保险,提高企业退休人员养老金水平。继续处理和完善新型农村社会养老保险制度。”城镇养老保障制度既是社会养老保障服务体系中重要的组成部分,同时也是社会保障可持续发展的重要支撑。随着西藏自治区城镇居民生活水平的提高,人口老龄化趋势日益严重,给养老保障的可持续发展带来了诸多机遇和挑战。西藏自治区作为一个少数民族聚居的省份之一,由于经济上比内地较发达地区相对发展缓慢和滞后,养老保障制度的建设不仅不同于发达国家,与内地比较发达的省份也有很大不同。尤其是现代社会传统养老功能的逐渐转移以及新的时代背景下赡养观念的改变升级,都给还处于老龄化前期阶段的西藏前所未有的冲击,并促进西藏老年人从单一依赖家庭逐步向多元的社会化养老服务转变。鉴于此,我们在借鉴国际以及国内较发达省份养老保障制度改革经验的同时也要依据自治区的现实区情,重新审视我区的养老保障制度,立足于当前养老保障制度框架进行更加深入地分析和研究。因此,在对西藏自治区现实社会经济、宗教文化条件进行剖析的基础上,发现问题,提出具有针对性的完善对策,促进西藏社会经济的稳定发展,为积极应对人口老龄化高峰的来到作好充足的准备。从另外的角度来看,现阶段对西藏自治区城镇养老保障制度的分析和研究,有利于继承中华民族敬老爱老优良传统,有利于小康西藏、平安西藏、和谐西藏的建设。
[Abstract]:Population aging is the common trend of population development in human society. After entering the modern society, the rapid economic development has made the people's living standard improve constantly, and the life expectancy is also increasing. Accompanied by the emergence of an aging population. More and more countries in modern society are aging. The aging of the population has always maintained a high degree of sustained concern in all countries of the world. Ageing is the inevitable natural law in the process of human development. Although the emergence of aging to a certain extent also represents social progress, but it also brings a lot of problems, such as to bring certain pressure on old-age security. For the present society, it has become a difficult problem for all countries in the world, especially in developing countries. The establishment and improvement of the old-age security system in Tibet's cities and towns is directly related to the present and future quality of life of Tibetan urban residents, and the proper handling of various guarantees for the living of the elderly in Tibet. It is an important task for governments at all levels in the Tibet Autonomous region. The quality of the old-age security system has a direct impact on the sustainable economic development of the Tibet Autonomous region and the construction of a harmonious society. In the section of constructing the social security system covering urban and rural residents, the outline of development planning also focuses on the relevant contents: "establishing and perfecting the basic old-age insurance for urban residents." We will continue to deal with and improve the new rural social old-age insurance system. "the urban old-age security system is an important part of the social old-age security service system. At the same time, it is also an important support for the sustainable development of social security. With the improvement of living standards of urban residents in Tibet Autonomous region, the trend of aging population is becoming more and more serious. Tibet Autonomous region, as one of the provinces inhabited by ethnic minorities, is relatively slow and backward in economic development compared with the more developed areas in the mainland. The construction of old-age security system is not only different from that of developed countries. Especially the gradual transfer of the traditional old-age function in modern society and the change and upgrading of the concept of maintenance under the new background of the times. Both of them have brought unprecedented impact to Tibet, which is still in the early stage of aging, and has promoted the transition of the elderly in Tibet from a single dependent family to a pluralistic socialized old-age care service. We should review the old-age security system in our region according to the reality of the autonomous region while we learn from the international and domestic more developed provinces pension security system reform experience. Based on the current old-age security system framework for more in-depth analysis and research. Therefore, on the basis of the analysis of the actual social, economic, religious and cultural conditions of Tibet Autonomous region, found the problem. Put forward targeted improvement measures to promote the stable development of social and economic in Tibet, and make adequate preparations for the arrival of the peak of population aging. At present, the analysis and study of the old-age security system in the towns of Tibet Autonomous region is conducive to inheriting the fine tradition of respecting the old and loving the elderly of the Chinese nation, and is conducive to the construction of a well-off Tibet, a safe Tibet, and a harmonious Tibet.
【学位授予单位】：西藏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D669.6;D632.1

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