公共物品实验中异质性与合作关系的Meta分析

发布时间：2018-02-04 08:48

本文关键词： 异质性合作公共物品实验 Meta分析　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在人们的合作行为中,规范冲突或者利益不均往往会影响合作水平,在过去的研究中,已经有大量的实验研究探索了异质性(组内的禀赋、偏好)与合作之间的关系,但结论并不一致且存在较大争议:异质性促进合作,异质性抑制合作以及异质性对合作无影响。为了解决以往的争论,本文通过系统评价,将Meta分析方法应用到异质性与合作相关领域,对以往通过公共物品实验探究异质性与合作关系的文献进行系统的梳理与总结,通过合并效应量、实证分析等手段发现,异质性在整体上更利于合作水平的提高,且大约能够提高2.2%的合作水平,最高能够提高12.8%的合作水平,但该结论并不显著。另外发现禀赋与偏好的双重异质性对促进合作水平有显著作用,平均可以提高25%的合作水平,但是禀赋或偏好的单重异质性并没有明显作用。对于其它的实验特征,交流与实验机制对于合作水平有较大影响,而信息与惩罚机制则无明显影响。其中没有交流或者非线性实验下,异质性更有可能促进合作水平提高;而有交流或者线性实验下,异质性更有可能降低合作水平。对于纳入的研究,研究间差异性分析表明不同的研究者之间存在明显的差异性,且实验中异质类型变量对研究间差异性的解释水平最高为29.12%,这也为本次研究采用随机效应模型提供了证据支持。最后,通过发表偏倚检测以及补足研究等方法,对今后相关问题的研究结果进行了预期:分析纳入更多的未来发表文献以后,可能会更加支持异质性抑制合作水平的结果,因此本次研究的结论也会处于动态发展的过程中。综上所述,本文通过Meta分析方法,以不同于以往的视角对颇具争议的异质性与合作关系问题重新进行了分析,提供了异质性促进合作的相关实证证据,对相关领域解决分歧,明确下一步的研究的方向具有积极作用。
[Abstract]:In people's cooperative behavior, conflict of norms or uneven interests often affect the level of cooperation, in the past, there have been a large number of experimental studies to explore heterogeneity (the endowment within the group). The relationship between preference and cooperation is not consistent and controversial: heterogeneity promotes cooperation heterogeneity inhibits cooperation and heterogeneity has no effect on cooperation. Through systematic evaluation, this paper applies the Meta analysis method to the heterogeneity and cooperation related fields, and systematically combs and summarizes the literature of exploring heterogeneity and cooperative relationship through the experiment of public goods. Through combining effect quantity, empirical analysis and other means, we find that heterogeneity is more conducive to the overall improvement of cooperation level, and can improve the level of cooperation of about 2.2%, the highest can improve the level of cooperation of 12.8%. However, this conclusion is not significant. In addition, it is found that the double heterogeneity of endowment and preference plays a significant role in promoting the level of cooperation, and can increase the level of cooperation by an average of 25%. However, the single heterogeneity of endowment or preference has no obvious effect. For other experimental characteristics, communication and experimental mechanisms have a greater impact on the level of cooperation. But the information and punishment mechanism has no obvious influence. In the absence of communication or nonlinear experiments, heterogeneity is more likely to promote the level of cooperation; Heterogeneity is more likely to reduce the level of cooperation under the conditions of communication or linear experiments. For the inclusion of the study, the analysis of differences between the study shows that there are significant differences between different researchers. In the experiment, the highest explanation level of heterogeneity variable to the difference between the studies is 29.12, which also provides evidence support for the use of stochastic effect model in this study. Finally. Through publication bias detection and complementary research, the future research results of related issues are expected: analysis and inclusion of more future published literature. May support the heterogeneity inhibition cooperation level of the results, so the conclusion of this study will also be in the process of dynamic development. To sum up, this paper through the Meta analysis method. This paper analyzes the controversial heterogeneity and cooperative relationship from a different perspective, provides empirical evidence of heterogeneity to promote cooperation, and resolves differences in related fields. It is positive to clarify the direction of the next research.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D035

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