我国突发事件中志愿者服务管理研究

发布时间：2018-02-04 12:12

本文关键词： 志愿者服务管理突发事件志愿者　出处：《吉林大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国已经进入到社会和经济发展的转型期，自然灾害、事故灾难、社会安全事件以及公共卫生事件等频发，需要面对和解决的突发事件越来越多。这表明我国现阶段进入到了一个突发事件频发的时期。从应对突发事件上救援主体角度看，我国中央政府或是地方政府一直发挥着主导性作用，救援队伍主要是由军、警、政所构成，但是随着我国突发事件综合性、交叉性、复杂性等新特点的出现，原先那种以政府为主的救援队伍就面临着力量不足的新挑战。反观外国突发事件应急救援的队伍结构，救援主力并非仅局限于军队和警察队伍，而是由专业的救援队伍和志愿者组成。在这样的自然与社会环境背景下以及我国突发事件中救援队伍与国外救援队伍的高效、专业和多元存在巨大的差距，研究选择自然灾害类突发事件作为分析语境，从志愿者这一主体切入，回顾了我国志愿者服务管理的三个历史发展阶段，指出我国突发事件中志愿者服务管理存在着志愿者组织化、专业化和可持续潜力程度低的问题，并从法律层面、管理层面和具体培训层面分析存问题的原因，在论述德国、英国和美国国家突发事件中志愿者服务管理和经验借鉴的基础上以及结合目前我国突发事件中志愿者服务管理的实践，研究提出出台志愿者相关法律和法规，加强志愿者组织内部建设和管理、职前教育和培训以及组织内外沟通和协调的对策，以提升我国愿者服务队伍建设和完善志愿者服务管理水平，增强我国志愿服务队伍在应对突发事中的高效率和专业化，将损失减少到最低，进而提升我国志愿者参与社会治理的能力。
[Abstract]:China has entered the transition period of social and economic development, such as natural disasters, accidents, social security events and public health events. There are more and more emergencies that need to be faced and solved. This indicates that our country has entered a period of frequent emergencies at the present stage. Our central government or local government has been playing a leading role, the rescue team is mainly composed of the military, police, government, but with the emergence of new characteristics such as comprehensive, intersecting, complexity and so on. The former government-oriented rescue teams are facing a new challenge of insufficient strength. Looking at the structure of emergency rescue teams in foreign countries, the main rescue forces are not limited to the military and police forces. It is composed of professional rescue teams and volunteers. Under the background of natural and social environment and the emergency in our country rescue teams and foreign rescue teams are highly efficient professional and pluralistic there is a huge gap. From the perspective of volunteers, this paper reviews the three historical stages of volunteer service management in China. This paper points out that volunteer service management in China has the problems of organization, specialization and low sustainability potential, and analyzes the causes of the problems from the legal level, management level and specific training level. On the basis of discussing the management and experience of volunteer service in Germany, Britain and the United States of America, and combining the practice of volunteer service management in emergency in our country at present. The study puts forward relevant laws and regulations on volunteers, strengthening the internal construction and management of volunteer organizations, pre-service education and training, as well as internal and external communication and coordination of countermeasures. In order to improve our volunteer service team construction and improve the level of volunteer service management, enhance our volunteer service team in response to emergencies in high efficiency and specialization, will reduce the loss to the minimum. And then improve the ability of our volunteers to participate in social governance.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D632.9

【参考文献】