改革开放以来我国青年社会组织功能及其实现研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 01:28

本文关键词： 青年社会组织功能实现趋势对策　出处：《山东大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：“青年社会组织是一种极具代表性和研究价值的新型社会组织形式。”经历了“青年民间组织”、“草根社会组织”和“青年自组织”等几种发展形态的青年社会组织迎来了发展的黄金时期。青年社会组织功能已由最初单一的社会参与功能向政治参与、经济参与、文化参与和国际参与等多方面功能转变。青年社会组织功能及其实现是回应青年群体价值诉求和精神诉求的需要,是实现青年社会组织内生性发展的必由之路,也是适应社会发展的必然要求。从我国青年社会组织发展的相关理论研究来看,对于青年社会组织发展的研究还有许多不足。首先是青年社会组织视野狭窄问题。青年社会组织发端于社会参与领域,很多研究都没有离开社会领域的视角,忽略了青年社会组织作为组织形态所具有的组织功能；还有的学者认为,青年社会组织应该独立于共青团组织和社会组织寻求组织发展路径,忽略了我国现有的共青团组织体制和社会组织发展状况；有的学者高度关注青年社会组织的制度体系和机制建设,忽略了青年社会组织自身内生性发展的动力。其次是对青年社会组织存在的价值认识不足。青年社会组织在我国发展较晚,对青年社会组织的研究也处于起步阶段,对于复杂的青年社会组织存在价值还没有认识到位,有关青年社会组织的相关理解非常模糊,还没有清晰的认识,对青年社会组织功能的理解还存在偏差。第三是共青团组织和青年社会组织关系问题。共青团组织和青年社会组织究竟是一种什么关系,是领导被领导关系、是平等地位关系还是合作关系,到目前为止,这些问题还没有准确的阐述和解释。第四是组织功能与职能关系问题。不同类型的青年社会组织都有自己的职能,但不同类型的青年社会组织所发挥的功能有时候却很相似,发挥的能量也超出了职能的范围,大部分研究都限定在青年社会组织职能范围的研究,忽视了青年社会组织功能所发挥的重要作用。从青年社会组织发展现实来看,无论政府、社会和青年社会组织本身还没有找到青年社会组织实现内生性发展的有效途径。党和政府对解决目前青年社会组织发展中存在问题的办法还略显不足；整个社会对青年社会组织发展一直保持原有的传统观念,对青年社会组织的作用产生了怀疑。就中国最大的青年组织来说,共青团组织的“机关化”、“行政化”、“贵族化”、“娱乐化”现象并没有得到根本改观,人们因此也对青年社会组织的发展不寄予厚望。现实情况也验证了这一点。“面对新形势新任务新挑战,共青团如果不积极应对、不改革创新,就不仅是跟不上、不适应的问题,而且可能失去组织存在的价值。”①青年社会组织发展较快且形式多样,各种各样的青年社会组织缺乏政府引领和社会的关注,组织自身缺乏长远发展规划,很多青年社会组织诞生也快,消亡也快。因此,深入研究青年社会组织功能及实现过程,对于青年社会组织发展的理论研究和实践操作均具有重要意义。基于目前我国青年社会组织发展理论面临着诸多问题和实践上的困惑,本研究拟从人们尚未重视的组织功能视角入手,探究青年社会组织功能对青年群体、青年社会组织自身和社会发展的重要价值,试图通过青年社会组织功能规律的探究来解决目前政府、社会和青年群体对青年社会组织发展的困惑。正是缘于此,本研究从社会组织、组织功能、青年组织、青年社会组织功能的基本理论入手,寻找到了理论和实践的支撑；以青年社会组织功能的发展历史脉络、发展现状和发展趋势为逻辑顺序,进一步揭示了青年社会组织的组织关联及与青年组织功能实现的关系,分析了青年社会组织功能存在机遇和挑战,提出了青年社会组织功能进一步实现的对策。总的来说,党和政府要做青年社会组织功能实现的坚强后盾,共青团组织要充分发挥引导作用,社会要充分发挥支持作用,青年社会组织本身要充分发挥自我革新作用,更要遵循组织功能的发展规律。青年社会组织功能及其实现必将释放政府很多包袱,赢得社会和谐稳定,促进青年群体的健康成长。青年社会组织是青年的天然港湾。青年社会组织承载着党和政府联系青年、教育青年、引导青年的重要嘱托,承载着社会和青年群体的希望,也记录着每一位青年都抹不掉的青春记忆。在新的历史时期,青年社会组织必须通过深化改革来探索自己内生性发展的动力,为实现中国梦凝聚青年力量。党的十八大以来,党中央高度重视社会组织建设,要通过各种政策和制度安排改进社会治理方式,激发社会组织活力,青年社会组织也是社会治理的重要参与主体。党中央出台的《中共中央关于加强和改进党的群团工作的意见》,从指导思想和顶层设计上,对群团组织的发展提出了具体要求和准确定位。各类青年社会组织迎来新的发展黄金期。因此,本研究以青年社会组织为研究对象,引入组织功能及实现的概念,对青年社会组织的相关组织进行了深度分析,并厘清了它们之间的关系。本研究深刻分析了青年社会组织功能实现遇到的瓶颈和自身问题,深刻认识到青年社会组织对共青团组织带来的冲击和影响,实现青年社会组织的功能是青年社会组织实现内生性发展的必由之路,也为共青团组织重生提供了契机。青年社会组织数量急剧增长的现实表明：很多青年群体乐于加入青年社会组织,青年社会组织已成为青年实现自身价值的重要场所。但我国青年社会组织的发展起步晚,没有相关法律制度作保障和支撑,发展处于一种无序状态,青年社会组织的发展需要清晰的发展路径做指导、良好的社会氛围作支撑、健全的制度安排做保障。青年社会组织功能及实现是青年社会组织得以持续成长的基本路径。本文由导论,七个章节和结语构成,各部分的主要内容分别是：导论。本部分主要阐述了选题的背景、研究意义、国内外研究述评、研究思路和研究方法、研究的重难点和创新点及不足。第一章是我国青年社会组织的组织关联及职能定位。青年社会组织不是单独存在的一种组织,与青年组织和社会组织有着紧密联系。本部分从组织的内涵、特征及类型等多种角度对三个组织之间的关系进行了详细分析和对比,厘清了三者之间的关系,明确了青年社会组织的内涵、特征及类型。在此基础上,分析了青年组织和社会组织职能定位对青年社会组织的影响,界定了青年社会组织的职能。有了清晰的职能定位,这为研究青年社会组织功能及实现打下了坚实基础。第二章是我国青年社会组织功能及实现的一般理论。本部分从与青年社会组织最密切的青年组织功能的相关基本概念和理论为切入点,详细分析了青年组织功能的内涵、特征及类型,在此基础上,梳理了青年社会组织功能的内涵、特征及类型,并分析了青年社会组织功能实现的内涵和特征。从社会学的角度考察了青年社会组织功能的一般性,从青年学的角度考察了青年社会组织功能的特殊性。同时,从马克思主义经典作家青年观、中国化马克思主义青年组织观及西方相关理论中找到理论支撑；从适应经济社会外部环境和内部改革的需要、拓宽社会治理体系参与主体的需要、促进社会和谐稳定的需要、满足青年群体的需要等五方面论证了青年社会组织功能及其实现的现实依据。本部分为后续研究提供了理论铺垫。第三章是我国青年社会组织功能的发展历史。青年社会组织的发展不可能脱离青年组织而独立存在。该部分主要考察了与青年社会组织功能相关联的青年组织的历史发展情况,追溯了青年组织及青年组织功能的发展历史,以青年组织在不同时期的政治参与功能、经济参与功能、文化参与功能、社会参与功能及国际参与功能的历史发展状况为重要参考,梳理了改革开放以来青年社会组织功能的发展脉络。从青年组织功能的发展历史视角来看,青年社会组织功能的类型更加清晰明了,也为青年社会组织功能参与的现状分析和趋势提供了历史依据。第四章是改革开放以来我国青年社会组织功能及其实现状况。本部分从青年社会组织的政治参与功能、经济参与功能、文化参与功能、社会参与功能和国际参与功能等方面阐述了青年社会组织功能的发展成就；也从青年组织功能的发展困境给青年社会组织带来的深刻影响及青年社会组织制度安排的缺失方面阐述了青年社会组织功能的发展困境。第五章是我国青年社会组织功能及其实现面临的机遇和挑战。本部分在前几章研究的基础上,从外互联网和全球化的深度发展、创新社会治理体系、共青团组织的深刻变革及青年社会组织自身发展等方面阐述了青年社会组织所面临的机遇。从青年社会组织发展的外部环境、外部组织及自身发展方面阐述了青年社会组织的所面临的挑战,这为下一步提出青年社会组织功能的发展趋势和对策找到了研究的切入点。第六章是我国青年社会组织功能及其实现的国外镜鉴。国外青年社会组织发展历史悠久,特别是在发达的资本主义国家,青年社会组织已形成较为完善的发展体系和运行模式。基于本文研究的基本视角,从国外青年社会组织的类型为切入点,对国外青年社会组织功能现状做了基本分析和梳理。在此过程中,特别借鉴了“金砖国家”中俄罗斯和印度的案例以及美国等青年社会组织较发达国家的案例。这些案例,为本文的结论提供了很好的例证。鉴于以上基本观点,结合我国青年社会组织发展的实际,从国外青年组织的发展视角,提出了我国青年社会组织发展的一些建议。第七章是我国青年社会组织功能的发展趋势。该部分在分析了共青团组织引领青年社会组织功能实现的必然性,整合部分青年社会组织功能的可能性的基础上,分析了青年社会组织功能的发展趋势。提出了“间接式”政治参与逐渐受到重视、“网络式”经济参与会更加凸显、“渗入式”文化参与不可忽视、“主体式”社会参与成为重要形式及“合作式”国际参与日益扩大的观点。近些年来,党和政府高度重视社会组织的发展,青年社会组织将会成为我国经济社会建设的一支重要力量,将会在社会治理参与主体方面发挥重要作用。第八章是我国青年社会组织功能进一步实现的对策。本部分根据青年社会组织功能的历史考察和发展现状,在分析青年社会组织功能的发展机遇和困境的基础上,结合国外青年组织发展的经典案例分析,本研究从党和政府管理的宏观层面、共青团组织的组织层面以及青年社会组织自身发展等方面阐述了青年社会组织功能进一步实现的建议和对策。结语部分是对本文研究的总结,提出了本文研究的几个基本结论,并对未来的研究做出了陈述。
[Abstract]:"The youth social organization is a new type of social organization form a representative and research value." experienced "youth non-governmental organizations", "several grass-roots social organizations" and "Youth Self Organization" development pattern of the youth social organizations ushered in the golden period of development. Youth social organizations have been involved in the function from the initial single to the social function of political participation, economic participation, cultural participation and participation in international aspects of functional change. The youth social organization function and its realization is the need to respond to the youth value pursuit and spiritual pursuit, is a social organization development the only way which must be passed in youth, but also to adapt to the social development. From the theoretical study of China's youth the development of social organizations, social organizations for the study of youth development there are many problems. The first is the youth social organization narrow vision problem. The youth social organization originated in the field of the social participation, many studies have not left the social field from the perspective of organization, ignoring the function of youth social organization as a form of organization; some scholars believe that, the youth social organization should be independent of the Communist Youth League organizations and social organizations seeking to organize the development path, ignoring the development situation of China's existing Communist Youth League the organizational system and social organization; some scholars pay close attention to the youth social organization system and mechanism construction, ignoring the dynamic nature of the development of the youth social organization itself. Secondly there is a lack of awareness of the youth social organization. The value of youth social organizations developed lately in China, research on the youth social organizations are still in the initial stage no, value understanding exists for complex youth social organization, understand the relevant social organizations of youth is die Paste, there is no clear understanding of the youth social organization function understanding deviation. Third is the relationship between the Communist Youth League and youth social organizations. What the Communist Youth League and youth social organization is what kind of relationship, is the leadership is leadership, is the equality relationship or partnership, so far, these problems there is no exact explanation. The fourth is the organization of the relationship between function and function. Different types of youth social organizations have their own functions, but play different types of youth social organization's function is sometimes very similar, the play also exceeded the range of energy functions, most of the studies are limited in the study of the social organization of youth the scope of functions, they ignore the important role of the youth social organization function to play. From the reality of the development of youth social organizations, regardless of the government, society and youth social group The fabric itself has not found an effective way to realize the endogenous development of youth social organization. The party and the government to solve the problems of youth social organizations in the development of measures is inadequate; the social development of youth social organizations has maintained the traditional concept of the original to the young, the role of social organizations. China doubt the biggest the youth organization of the Communist Youth League organizations, "the institution", "administration", "aristocratic", "entertainment" phenomenon has not been fundamentally changed, so people on the development of the youth social organizations are not high hopes. The reality also proves this point. "Facing the new situation and new tasks and new challenges the Communist Youth League, if not actively respond, not innovation, not only is not, can not adapt to the problem, and may lose the value of existence. The organization of the youth social organization development and form The diversity and variety of youth social organizations lack of government leading and social concern. The organization's own lack of long-term development planning, a lot of youth social organization was born soon, die quickly. Therefore, in-depth study and implement the youth social organization function, which is of important significance on theory and practice of youth social organization development. At present the development of the theory of China's youth social organizations are facing many problems and confusion in practice based on this study intends to start from the perspective of organizational function has not yet been attention, explore the youth social organization of youth groups, important value of youth social organizations and social development, tries to explore through the youth social organization function to solve the current government law society, youth groups and social organizations of youth development confusion. It is because of this, the study from the social organization, the organization function of youth Starting with the basic theory of social organization, youth organization function, to seek the support of the theory and practice; to develop the history of youth social organization function, status quo and development trend for the development of the logical order, and further revealed the relationship between the organization and the social organization of Youth Association and youth organizations to achieve the function, analyzed the youth social organization function the opportunities and challenges, and puts forward some countermeasures to further realize the function of the youth social organization. In general, the strong backing of the party and the government to do the youth social organizations to realize the function of the Communist Youth League organizations, to give full play to the guiding role of the society, we should give full play to the supporting role, the youth social organization itself should give full play to self innovation, development of more follow the organization function. The youth social organization function and Realization of the government will release a lot of baggage, to win the social harmony and stability, promote the youth group The healthy growth of youth is the youth social organization. The natural harbour. The youth social organization carrying the party and the government with the youth, youth education, guide the important exhortations of youth, and the society of the youth hope, also recorded every youth are not erase the memory of youth in the new historical period. The youth social organization must, to explore their own inner nature power development through deepening reform, unite the power of youth to realize the dream. Chinese Party since eighteen, the CPC Central Committee attaches great importance to the construction of social organizations, through a variety of policies and institutional arrangements to improve social governance, stimulate the vitality of social organization, social organization is an important subject in the youth social governance. The Party Central Committee issued the "CPC Central Committee on strengthening and improving the party's mass work opinions, from the guiding ideology and the top-level design, development of mass organization is made out Body requirements and accurate positioning. All kinds of youth social organizations ushered in the golden period of development of new. Therefore, the research on the social organization of youth as the research object, introducing the concept of organization and implementation, relevant organizations of youth social organizations conducted in-depth analysis, and to clarify the relationship between them. This study deeply analyzes the social the youth organization function to realize the bottleneck and its problems, a profound understanding of the social organization of the youth organization of the Communist Youth League and the impact of social organization, the youth social organization function is the only way which must be passed youth to realize the endogenous development, but also provides an opportunity for the Communist Youth League Organization rebirth. The rapid growth of the number of youth social organization shows that many young the group is happy to join the youth social organization, the social organization of youth has become an important place for young people to realize their own values. But our country social youth group The fabric development started late, not as a guarantee and support the relevant legal system, the development is in a state of disorder, the development of the youth social organizations need a clear path to guide, a good social atmosphere for support, perfect institutional arrangement for support. The youth social organization function and implementation is the basic path of youth social organization continues growth. This paper consists of introduction, seven chapters and epilogue, the main contents of each part are: introduction. This part mainly introduces the background, research significance, research review at home and abroad, research ideas and research methods, difficulty and innovation and shortcomings of the research. The first chapter is the organization and function of association the orientation of our youth social organization. An organization of youth social organization is not alone, is closely linked with the youth and social organizations. This part from the connotation of organization, characteristics and types Various kinds of paper analysis and comparison on the relationship between the three organizations, clarify the relationship between the three, defines the connotation of the youth social organizations, characteristics and types. On this basis, analysis of the impact of youth organizations and social organizations function of youth social organizations, the definition of youth social organizations the function. The function is clear, for the study of youth social organization function and lay a solid foundation. The second chapter is the function of our youth social organizations and general theory of implementation. This part from the basic concepts and the youth social organization most closely the function of youth organizations and the theory as the starting point. A detailed analysis of the connotation of youth organization function, characteristics and types, on this basis, the connotation of the youth social organization function, characteristics and types, and analyzes the connotation of the social functions of the youth organization And the characteristics were investigated. The general function of youth social organizations from the perspective of sociology, the special investigation of youth social organizations from the perspective of the function of youth. At the same time, Marx and Engels from the view of youth, find theoretical support China Marx Communist Youth Organization View and Western related theory; from the need to adapt to economic the external social environment and the internal reform, need to broaden the social governance system participants, promote social harmony and stability, realistic basis to meet the needs of youth groups in five demonstrates the youth social organizations function and realization. This part provides a theoretical groundwork for the following research. The third chapter is the history of the development of China's social organization function youth. The development of the youth social organizations can not be divorced from the youth organization and exist independently. This part mainly studied associated with the youth social organization function The historical development of the youth organizations, youth organizations and traces the development history of the function of youth organizations, with youth organizations in different periods of political participation, economic participation, cultural participation, social participation function and international participation function of historical development as an important reference, combing the development of youth social organization function reform from the perspective of historical development. Since the opening function of youth organizations, youth social organization type function more clear, also is the analysis of the present situation and trend of youth social organization participation function provides a historical basis. The fourth chapter is the reform and opening up in China Youth Social Organizations and its implementation status. This part from the social organization of youth the function of political participation, economic participation, cultural participation, social participation function and international participation function and other aspects of the Youth Society The achievements in the development of organizational functions; profound influence from the development dilemma of the function of youth organizations to bring youth social organizations and the lack of arrangement of youth social organization system aspects of the development dilemma of youth social organization function. The fifth chapter is the function of our youth social organizations and the opportunities and challenges. This part is based on the former a few chapters of the research on the development of the Internet and from the depth of the globalization, the innovation of social governance system, in terms of the profound changes in the Communist Youth League organizations and youth social organizations of their own development of youth social organizations are facing opportunities. The development of the youth social organizations from the external environment, the external organization and its development elaborated facing the challenge of the youth social organizations, the next step in the development of youth social organization function and put forward countermeasures to find the starting point of the research. The sixth chapter is Foreign mirror function of our youth social organization and its implementation. The foreign youth social organization development has a long history, especially in the developed capitalist countries, has formed the youth social organization system and operation mode of development more perfect. This paper based on the research from the type of foreign youth social organizations as the starting point, the status of function foreign youth social organizations to do the basic analysis and carding. In this process, especially from the case of Russia and India in the BRIC countries "as well as the case with the United States and other developed countries. The youth social organization of these cases, the conclusions of this paper provide

【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：D432.6;D632.9

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