基于GIS的热带县域居民点分布特征及空间格局优化——以海南省陵水黎族自治县为例

发布时间：2018-03-03 01:12

本文选题：Voronoi图　切入点：居民点　出处：《中国水土保持科学》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：为了探究热带地区居民点分布特征及优化模式,采用Voronoi图变异系数与景观格局指数,分析海南省陵水县居民点空间分布特征,利用Arc GIS的空间分析技术,选取高程、坡向、水源、道路、城镇、商业点、居民点规模和聚集度共8个指标,使用多指标综合评价法,进行陵水县居民点人居适宜性评价及空间格局优化。结果显示:1)陵水县居民点在县级和乡镇级别均呈现高度集群模式。2)高程、坡度和道路对居民点分布有显著影响,90%以上的居民点集中在高程低于海拔100 m、坡度6°的滨海台地及中部平原地区;60%的居民点集中在距道路距离500 m的范围内;城镇对于农村居民点的吸引力在2 000 m以内逐级增加,2 000 m以外减少,该值可作为城镇划分的参考半径。3)根据人居适宜性,将居民点分为城镇转化型、内部挖潜型、并地改造型和异地迁移型4类,并提出相应优化措施。研究成果将为陵水县居民点空间格局优化,提供可行决策依据。
[Abstract]:In order to explore the distribution characteristics and optimization patterns of residential areas in tropical regions, the spatial distribution characteristics of residential areas in Lingshui County, Hainan Province were analyzed by using Voronoi map variation coefficient and landscape pattern index, and the elevation and slope direction were selected by using the spatial analysis technology of Arc GIS. There are 8 indicators of water source, road, town, commercial area, residential area scale and degree of concentration, and the comprehensive evaluation method of multiple indexes is used. The results show that the residential areas of Lingshui County are highly clustered at county level and township level. 2) the results show that the residential areas in Lingshui County are highly clustered at the county level and township level, and the spatial pattern is optimized, and the results show that the residential areas in Lingshui County are highly clustered. Slope and road have significant influence on the distribution of residential area. More than 90% of the settlements are concentrated in the coastal terrace with a slope of 6 掳and 60% of the residential areas in the central plain area within a distance of 500 m from the road, where the elevation is lower than 100 m above sea level. The attractiveness of towns to rural settlements decreases from 2 000 m to 2 000 m, which can be regarded as the reference radius of urban division. 3) according to the suitability of human settlements, residential areas are divided into urban transformation type and internal potential type. The corresponding optimization measures are put forward. The research results will provide a feasible decision basis for the optimization of the spatial pattern of residential areas in Lingshui County.
【作者单位】：北京林业大学水土保持学院;
【基金】：水利部水土保持植物开发管理中心,海南省2014年国家水土保持重点建设项目“陵水县小妹西干渠小流域综合治理实施方案”
【分类号】：C95;P208

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